NOPR Collection:

Comparative evaluation of PCR in Ziehl-Neelsen stained smears and PCR in tissues for diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

2010-08-22T16:30:36Z

Title: Comparative evaluation of PCR in Ziehl-Neelsen stained smears and PCR in tissues for diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Authors: Coelho, A C; Pinto, M L; Miranda, A; Coelho, A M; Pires, M A; Matos, M Abstract: Thirty six tissues from sheep, previously diagnosed with paratuberculosis, were tested by PCR in positive Ziehl-Neelsen staining smears of tissues, and PCR in tissues targeting IS900 specific for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. DNA amplification was achieved in 33.3% Ziehl-Neelsen smears, and in 61.1% tissue samples. Combination of both techniques found 66.7% samples as positive. Combination of techniques would, therefore, increase the sensitivity of diagnosis. Page(s): 948-950

Poly--hydroxybutyrate production by Pseudomonas sp. RZS 1 under aerobic and semi-aerobic condition

2010-08-23T16:30:35Z

Title: Poly--hydroxybutyrate production by Pseudomonas sp. RZS 1 under aerobic and semi-aerobic condition Authors: Sayyed, R Z; Gangurde, N S Abstract: Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 was isolated from distillery effluent and identified based on phenotypic characters and 16s rRNA sequencing. It accumulated optimum amount (703.79 g/mg of biomass) of poly--hydroxybutyrate (PHB) under aerobic process of fermentation and 75 g/mg of biomass under the anaerobic process of fermentation. Aerobic fermentation yielded 9.3-fold more PHB than semi-aerobic fermentation. Acetone alcohol method proved to be the best suitable recovery method as it gave 703.79 g PHB per mg of biomass with a percentage recovery yield of 70.37. It started to accumulate PHB at the end of lag phase (from 6 h of incubation). Optimum amount of PHB (20 g/ml) was reported during early stationary phase (30 h of incubation). Extracted PHB showed two peaks, minor one at 248 nm and major one at 365 nm. IR spectra revealed the presence of functional groups characteristics of PHB. Page(s): 942-947

Optimization of medium for lipase production by Acinetobacter haemolyticus from healthy human skin

2010-08-22T16:30:35Z

Title: Optimization of medium for lipase production by Acinetobacter haemolyticus from healthy human skin Authors: Jagtap, Shweta; Gore, Sharad; Yavankar, Supriya; Pardesi, Karishma; Chopade, Balu Abstract: A lipase producing Acinetobacter haemolyticus TA106 was isolated from healthy human skin of tribal population. The maximum activity of 55 U/ml was observed after medium optimization using the “one variable at a time” and the statistical approaches. The optimal composition of the medium was determined as (% w/v or v/v): tryptone - 1, yeast extract - 0.5, sodium chloride-1, olive oil-1, Tween - 80 1, manganese sulphate - 5 mM, sucrose- 1, pH-7. It was found that maximum production occurred in late log phase i.e. after 72 h and at 200 rpm. From factorial design and statistical analysis, it was found that pH, temperature, salt, inoculum density and aeration significantly affected the lipase production. It was also noted that inoculum density of 3 % (v/v), sucrose (1% w/v) and manganese sulphate(5 mM) displayed maximum lipase activity of 55 U/ml by conventional as well as statistical method. Optimization studies also indicated the increase in specific activity from 0.2 U/mg to 6.7 U/mg. Page(s): 936-941

In vitro effect of some Indian honeys on Staphylococcus aureus from wounds

2010-08-23T16:30:33Z

Title: In vitro effect of some Indian honeys on Staphylococcus aureus from wounds Authors: Deshpande, Sunita D; Kulkarni, Kirti S Abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequently isolated pathogen from wounds with multiple resistances to antibiotics. Honey has been demonstrated and reported to be effective antibacterial agent on Gram positive and Gram negative organisms. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effect of Indian honeys on Staphylococcus aureus obtained from wounds. A total of 123 Staphylococcus aureus isolates along with ATCC 25923 were categorized as sensitive, multi drug resistant (MDR) and non-MDR strains. Out of total nine Indian honeys (three each of unifloral, multifloral and branded marketed honey) used, three unifloral and three multifloral honey samples showed antibacterial activity against all the organisms tested by Agar diffusion method but not the branded marketed honeys. The MIC values of all honey samples for all studied Staphylococcus aureus isolates ranged between 5-15% (v/v). Unifloral honey samples showed higher antibacterial activity than multifloral honey. The single sample of Jambhul honey showed the highest activity. Thus, Indian honeys were found to be effective for their antimicrobial activity on sensitive, non-MDR, MDR and ATCC strains of S. aureus. Page(s): 931-935