NOPR Collection:

Degradation of phenol and m-cresol in aqueous solutions using indigenously developed microwave-ultraviolet reactor

2010-12-27T16:30:50Z

Title: Degradation of phenol and m-cresol in aqueous solutions using indigenously developed microwave-ultraviolet reactor Authors: Karthikeyan, S; Gopalakrishnan, A Navaneetha Abstract: A MW-UV reactor was developed indigenously for degradation of aqueous phenol and m-cresol (degradation efficiency, MW-UV-TiO₂> UV-TiO₂> MW-TiO₂> MW-UV > UV > MW). Maximum degradation of phenol (85%) and m-cresol (92%) by MW-UV-TiO₂and MW-UV-TiO₂ was three folds faster in reaction time and catalyst requirement than UV-TiO₂ method. Degradation of phenol and m-cresol in reactor followed pseudo first order reaction and reaction rate (k) for MW-UV-TiO₂ was 2.2 times greater than UV-TiO₂ and greater (17 times for phenol and 22 times for m-cresol) than other processes. MW-UV-TiO₂ was 2.3 times more efficient in removal of TOC than conventional photocatalytic method. Page(s): 71-76

Enhancement of energy efficiency and loading of steam turbines through retrofitting 2-d designs with 3-d designs

2010-12-30T16:30:39Z

Title: Enhancement of energy efficiency and loading of steam turbines through retrofitting 2-d designs with 3-d designs Authors: Bhatt, M Siddhartha Abstract: This paper presents improvement in energy efficiency and power loading of steam turbines through module retrofits accomplished by migration from 2-d designs to 3-d designs. Power output of overall turbine is expected to increase by ~14 MW (for original steam flow) or heat rate is expected to decrease by 6.6% (through reduced steam consumption). Operating turbine efficiency is expected to increase from 39.90% to 42.72%. The 3-d stack optimized design is expected to give an improvement of 6-7% over 2-d design. Loading of unit can be enhanced without any major hardware changes with a few improvements in boiler and generator and these will not limit unit loading. Page(s): 64-70

Ecophysiological studies for boosting commercial production of tuberous roots of Chlorophytum boriviilianum Sant ET Fernan

2010-12-30T16:30:37Z

Title: Ecophysiological studies for boosting commercial production of tuberous roots of Chlorophytum boriviilianum Sant ET Fernan Authors: Tyagi, Sandhya; Sharma, Vinita Abstract: This paper presents ecophysiological studies of tuberous roots of safed moosli (Chlorophytum borivilianum), a powerful aphrodisiac, for boosting its commercial production. Average weight of tuberous roots produced at the end of growing season from propagule root tubers soaked in 0.75% of potassium sulphate or a mixture (100 ppm) of equal quantities of IAA (indole acetic acid) and kinetin prior to sowing led to three times higher production than control. Pretreatment with potassium salts are only negligibly lower than those produced under very costly hormones, giving higher profits to safed moosli culivators. Page(s): 60-63

Factors affecting endotoxin removal from aqueous solutions by ultrafiltration process

2010-12-27T16:30:49Z

Title: Factors affecting endotoxin removal from aqueous solutions by ultrafiltration process Authors: El-Moghazy, Abdel-Nasser Abbass Abstract: This study presents factors affecting endotoxin removal from bacterial cells homogenates with ultrafiltration process. Endotoxin removal was more efficient at low protein concentrations (3 mg/ml) compared to high protein concentrations (30 mg/ml). Efficiency increased from 28.9% in undiluted sample to 99.8% in diluted samples (1:256). Highest removal efficiency of endotoxin occurred at pH 7-8. In presence of different detergents (0.5% Tween 20, 1% Triton X-100, 1% Triton X-114, and 1% taurodeoxycholate), endotoxin removal was more efficient at diluted samples compared to undiluted samples. Polysulfone membrane represent an efficient method in reducing endotoxin from solutions containing biomolecules. Page(s): 55-59