NOPR Collection:

Bioethanol fermentation from untreated and pretreated lignocellulosic wheat straw using fungi Fusarium oxysporum

2016-07-20T04:12:51Z

Title: Bioethanol fermentation from untreated and pretreated lignocellulosic wheat straw using fungi Fusarium oxysporum Authors: Hossain, Sk Masud; Anantharaman, N; Das, Manas Abstract: A comparison has been made among untreated, lime pretreated and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated wheat straw for bioethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process in a continuous stirred batch bioreactor (CSBR) using fungi Fusarium oxysporum. The optimum parameters used for the bioethanol fermentation are: time 48 h, pH 6, temperature 50, stirring speed 35, and wheat straw loading 35 g/L. Maximum yield of ethanol is found to be 0.756 , 0.796 and 0.810 g/g of wheat straw under optimum conditions for untreated, lime pretreated and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated wheat straw. The sp. fungal growth rate is found to be 5.26 , 5.40, and 5.88 s⁻¹and maximum sp. fungal growth rate is 10.52, 10.80 and 11.76 s⁻¹using the Monod model for the fermentation of untreated, lime pretreated and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated wheat straw under optimum conditions respectively. The fungal growth kinetic parameters are 33.6 , 33.9 and 34.7 g/L respectively for fermentation of the three samples under the optimum conditions. The sp. carboxy methyl cellulase ( CMCase) activity are 1185, 1455 and 1545min⁻¹and maximum sp. CMCase activity are 2370, 2910 and 1545min⁻¹using Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetic model for the fermentation of three samples respectively under optimum conditions. The CMCase enzyme kinetic parameters are 34.3, 34.5 and 34.7 g/L for the three samples respectively under optimum fermentation conditions. Fungi Aspergillus oryzae show the better conversion of ethanol than fungi Fusarium oxysporum. The fermentation process follows the first order rate equation in CSBR. Page(s): 63-70

Selective and validated spectrophotometric methods for determination of ganciclovir with PDAB and Folin’s reagents

2016-07-20T06:16:29Z

Title: Selective and validated spectrophotometric methods for determination of ganciclovir with PDAB and Folin’s reagents Authors: Kumar, T Anil; Gurupadayya, B M; Reddy, M B Rahul Abstract: Two simple, sensitive, selective, accurate and precise methods (Methods A and B) have been developed for the quantitative estimation of ganciclovir in bulk drug and its pharmaceutical formulations. In Method A, presence of amino group in ganciclovir enables the use of condensation reaction with p-dimethylamino benzaldehyde, forming the greenish yellow colored complex due to the formation of Schiff’s base. It shows absorption maximum at 401 nm and obeying Beer’s law in the concentration range 80–200 μg mL^-1. Method B is based on the formation of reaction with 1,2-naphtha quinine-4-sulphonic acid sodium salt (Folin’s Reagent), exhibiting absorption maximum at 544 nm and obeying Beer’s law in the concentration range 4–14 μg mL^-1. The results of analysis for both the methods have been validated statistically and by recovery studies. These results have been compared with those obtained by using UV spectrophotometric methods developed in our laboratory. Page(s): 56-62

Catechol encapsulated surfactant film modified glassy carbon electrode to detect thiourea at 10^-7 M level

2016-07-20T04:12:07Z

Title: Catechol encapsulated surfactant film modified glassy carbon electrode to detect thiourea at 10^-7 M level Authors: Bhattacharjya, Rimki; Das, Diganta Kumar Abstract: Glassy carbon electrode surface has been modified with catechol encapsulated in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) or sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) surfactant film. The modified electrodes show quasi reversible cyclic voltammograms in tris buffer at pH 7.0 with redox potential values + 0.250 V and + 0.185 V respectively, using Ag-AgCl (3M NaCl) as reference. Addition of thiourea into the electrolytic medium increases the cathodic and anodic currents of the modified electrodes. Anodic current of CTAB film modified electrode is increased by 18 times while cathodic current increased by 1.8 times. However, SDS film modified electrode shows an increase in anodic current by 5.5 times and that in cathodic current by 8.0 times at 3×10^-7 M concentration of thiourea compared to that at zero thiourea concentration in electrolytic medium. Page(s): 52-55

Application of factorial design for adsorption of thallium(III) ion from aqueous solutions by pistachio hull

2016-07-20T04:32:50Z

Title: Application of factorial design for adsorption of thallium(III) ion from aqueous solutions by pistachio hull Authors: Sheibani, Ali; Zare-Khormizi, Meysam Abstract: The removal of thallium cation from aqueous solutions has been studied using pistachio hull as an adsorbent. The effect of variables such as solution pH, contact time and adsorbent amount has been investigated and these are optimized using a factorial design method. A model is developed to relate the content of adsorption to the variables. This model allows the prediction of the extent of adsorption at different conditions. Response surfaces are used for showing the effects of different variables on the content of adsorption. The analysis of variance is used to evaluate the validity of the model. There is no lack of fit found at the confidence level of 95%. The correlation coefficient between the calculated and the experimental data indicates good performance of the model. Under optimum conditions, a maximum removal of 96.5% is achieved. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms are found to be suitable for describing the biosorption of thallium ions onto pistachio hull. Page(s): 48-51

NOPR Collection:

Bioethanol fermentation from untreated and pretreated lignocellulosic wheat straw using fungi Fusarium oxysporum

Selective and validated spectrophotometric methods for determination of ganciclovir with PDAB and Folin’s reagents

Catechol encapsulated surfactant film modified glassy carbon electrode to detect thiourea at 10-7 M level

Application of factorial design for adsorption of thallium(III) ion from aqueous solutions by pistachio hull

Catechol encapsulated surfactant film modified glassy carbon electrode to detect thiourea at 10^-7 M level