NOPR Collection:

Environmental life cycle assessment of zero liquid discharge treatment technologies for textile industries, Tirupur – A case study

2008-06-06T06:35:36Z

Title: Environmental life cycle assessment of zero liquid discharge treatment technologies for textile industries, Tirupur – A case study Authors: Rajakumari, S Priscilla; Kanmani, S Abstract: Inventorisation of inputs (chemicals and energy) for treating textile wastewater using pretreatment, reverse osmosis (RO) and evaporator for two representative textile wastewater treatment plants have been studied. All life cycle inventory data were recalculated per functional unit, which was defined as treatment of 1 m³ of textile wastewater. Evaporator consumes 48 % of electricity, which contributes for more global warming potential (GWP) than other treatment units. Total GWP for plant I and II are 4.49 kg CO₂ eq and 5.56 kg CO₂ eq respectively. During electricity generation, CO₂ emission is comparatively high (98.5 % of total emissions). The results indicate that RO system of plant I and II consumes less energy and GWP are 8.9 x 10⁻³ kg CO₂ eq and 0.011 kg CO₂ eq respectively. Human health impact is 7.4 E-05 for CO₂ emission, which is less for other emissions. The results can be used for strategic decisions for minimizing environmental impacts of zero liquid treatment technologies. Page(s): 461-467

Use of rice husk ash for quartz substitution in stoneware glazes

2008-06-06T04:31:04Z

Title: Use of rice husk ash for quartz substitution in stoneware glazes Authors: Wattanasiriwech, D; Polpuak, N; Danthaisong, P; Wattanasiriwech, S Abstract: Two types of rice husk ashes (RHAs) with different silica contents were used for quartz substitution in a standard opaque glaze and a crystalline glaze. One RHA (RHA1) was a waste from a brick firing process and was used as received. RHA1 (particle size, 36.55±0.26 μm) contained only 71.41% SiO₂. Other RHA (RHA2) was prepared in laboratory under a well controlled process to obtain similar silica content (95.95%) and average particle size (15.83 ±0.18 μm) to quartz. Coefficients of expansion (COE) values of opaque glazes were: RHA1 glaze >RHA2 glaze >quartz glaze. RHA1 glaze, which exhibited highest COE value, crazed with finest craze pattern. All glazes melted at approx. the same temperature and exhibited similar phase changes upon firing. When RHAs were used to replace quartz in a crystalline glaze recipe, RHA1 glaze exhibited a high number of crystals with finer size, while crystals found in the quartz were larger in size with less density. Page(s): 455-460

Removal of nicotine and its pharmaceutical derivatives from aqueous solution by raw bentonite and dodecylammonium-bentonite

2008-06-06T06:35:36Z

Title: Removal of nicotine and its pharmaceutical derivatives from aqueous solution by raw bentonite and dodecylammonium-bentonite Authors: Akçay, Gülten; Yurdakoç, Kadir Abstract: Dodecylammonium bentonite (DAB) and bentonite (B) were used as sorbents for nicotine (N), nicotinic acid (NA), isonicotinic acid (INA), nicotinic acid hydrazide (NH), and iso-nicotinic acid hydrazide (INH). The obtained data were modeled according to Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherms. Sorption energy (E) and adsorption capacity (qm) for N and its derivatives adsorbing on DAB and raw B were estimated using Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) equation. Sorption energy of N and its pharmaceutical derivatives on DAB and raw B increased in order of NA

Value added constructional bricks from overburden of opencast coalmines

2008-06-06T04:31:03Z

Title: Value added constructional bricks from overburden of opencast coalmines Authors: Jamal, A; Sidharth, S Abstract: This paper presents utilization of waste rock of surface coalmine in making bricks and blocks in place of clay bricks. These bricks and blocks may be used in building construction and as pavement material in and around coalmine. Acidic and alkaline overburden helps in neutralizing acidity or alkalinity of wastewater by making drain with such bricks. Page(s): 445-450