NOPR Collection:

Effect of Experimental Variables on Phenol Adsorption on Activated Carbon Prepared from Coconut Husk by Single-step Steam Pyrolysis: Mass Transfer Process and Equilibrium Studies

2016-07-20T04:11:18Z

Title: Effect of Experimental Variables on Phenol Adsorption on Activated Carbon Prepared from Coconut Husk by Single-step Steam Pyrolysis: Mass Transfer Process and Equilibrium Studies Authors: Vinod, V P; Anirudhan, T S Abstract: Industrial solid waste can be converted to activated carbon and is used as low cost adsorbent for wastewater treatment.Coconut husk, a waste product in coir industry was used for the preparation of activated carbon by single-step steam pyrolysis. The product exhibits a very high adsorption potential for phenol and under optimum condition more than 99 per cent removal has been achieved . The adsorption of phenol onto activated carbon has been studied, using batch technique under kinetic and equilibrium conditions. The effect of several variables such as initial concentration, temperature, agitation speed, particle size of the adsorbent and pH on phenol removal has been studied. Sorption of phenol depends on the pH of the solution with maximum uptake of 99 per cent occurring at 5.5 and an initial conc. of 25.0 mg/L. Both, external and intraparticular, mass transfer diffusion models have been tested to describe the kinetic data. The sorption mechanism is also discussed. The equilibrium data have been evaluated for compliance with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Temperature study reveals that the adsorption of phenol is exothermic in nature. Thermodynamic parameters have also been presented to predict the nature of adsorption. Isosteric heat of adsorption is varied with surface coverage. The adsorption data show that spent carbon can be regenerated for further use by hot water treatment. Page(s): 128-138

The Effect of Cultural Conditions on the Production of Lipase by Fungi

2016-07-20T04:10:57Z

Title: The Effect of Cultural Conditions on the Production of Lipase by Fungi Authors: Prabhakar, T; Kumar, K Anil; Ellaiah, P Abstract: The important developments in industrial fermentation lead to the utilization of microbia: enzymes in different applications, especially hydrolytic enzymes. One of the import ant enzyme is lipase which hydrolyses fats and oil to fatty acids and glycerol. Selecled organisms A niger, A flavus. A japonicus and a fungi isolated from contaminated ghee belonging to the genus. Aspergillus were tested for the production of lipase on four different media by submerged fermentation technique. Various parameters like carbon source, nitrogen source, pH. Temperature, induction by lipids and Inoculum level etc ., were investigated to optimize the production of lipase. The enzyme activity with all optimum parameters was (34 U/mL) for A japonicus and (36 U/mL) for Isolated fungi. Page(s): 123-127

The Synthesis of UV -Sensitized Polymeric Enzyme Mimic

2016-07-20T04:10:39Z

Title: The Synthesis of UV -Sensitized Polymeric Enzyme Mimic Authors: Razdan, U Abstract: UV -sensitized polymeric enzyme mimic based on vinyl monomers having cavity for β-phenyl propionic acid based esters of p-nitrophenol is synthesized. It involves synthesis and uv-sensitization of polymeric enzyme mimic bound to a microporous support. The activity of enzyme mimic is found to be inhibited by acylating the active site with cis-cinnnamoyl imidazole. On irradiation it restores inhibited enzyme mimic's activity which is monitored by studying the hydrolysis profile. On irradiation cis-cinnamoyl is isomerized to trans-isomer generating free polymeric enzyme mimic. This switching off and on mechanism may be used to light-regulate catalytic activity which has potential application in photoimaging. Page(s): 117-122

Preparation and Characterization of Penta Alkyds Based on Mahua Oil

2016-07-20T04:39:09Z

Title: Preparation and Characterization of Penta Alkyds Based on Mahua Oil Authors: Tiwari, Sangeeta; Saxena, Mohini; Tiwari, S K Abstract: A medium oil length alkyd resin is prepared from mahua oil (a non-traditional oil), pentaerythritol and phthalic anhydride. The alkyd was characterized by IR analysis. Other properties viz. , viscosity, specific gravity, acid number, saponification value etc. were determined. Film characteristics of the resin like drying time, thickness, scratch hardness, impact resistance and adhesion were also assessed. The performance of the resin was found to be comparable to a commercial resin. Penta alkyd developed using mahua is of non-drying nature. It can be used as a baking system by curing with melamine at 140^oC for 4 hr. The baked film offers good mechanical properties as well as resistance to water and alkali. Combination of ester gum with mahua alkyd gives an air dying resin. Page(s): 110-116