NOPR Collection:

Effect of different temperature on starch synthase activity in excised grains of wheat cultivars

2013-11-12T16:48:18Z

Title: Effect of different temperature on starch synthase activity in excised grains of wheat cultivars Authors: Prakash, Pravin; Sharma-Natu, Poonam; Ghildiyal, M C Abstract: Excised grains of wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties HD 2285 (relatively lolerant) and HD 2329 (susceptible type) were incubated for 1 hr at 15°, 25°, 35° and 45°C. In an another treatment, excised grains were incubated for 1 hr at increasing temperature (15°, 25°, 35° and 45°C) continuously, thus exposing the grains to gradual rise in temperature. The above treated grains were then analysed for the activity of soluble starch synthase (SSS) and granule bound starch synthase (GBSS) assayed at 20°C. SSS activity decreased as the pre-exposure temperature was higher, though the tolerant variety showed lesser decrease. Decrease in SSS activity was lesser when excised grains were exposed to gradual rise in temperature from 15° to 45°C as compared to direct exposure to 45°C. Pre-exposure of excised grains to different temperatures however, had no significant effect on GBSS activity. Page(s): 227-230

Role of Arogh, a polyherbal formulation to mitigate oxidative stress in experimental myocardial infarction

2013-11-15T16:34:25Z

Title: Role of Arogh, a polyherbal formulation to mitigate oxidative stress in experimental myocardial infarction Authors: Suchalatha, S; Thirugnanasambandam, P; Maheswaran, E; Devi, C S Shyamala Abstract: Antioxidant role of Arogh in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats has been studied. The activity of heart tissue antioxidants like glutathione, superoxide dismutase, Catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-s-transferase were significantly decreased in isoproterenol administered group. The activity of ceruloplasmin and levels of glutathione, vitamins E and C were also found to be substantially decreased in serum with a concomitant rise in lipid peroxide levels after isoproterenol exposure to rats. The synergistic effect of Arogh pretreatment, significantly suppressed the alterations induced by isoproterenol alone in rats. Page(s): 224-226

Vitamin E prevents nonylphenol-induced oxidative stress in testis of rats

2013-11-12T16:46:25Z

Title: Vitamin E prevents nonylphenol-induced oxidative stress in testis of rats Authors: Chitra, K C; Mathur, P P Abstract: In the present study we have investigated if administration of nonylphenol-induced oxidative stress in various subcellular fractions of adult rat testis and the effect of vitamin E on reactive oxygen species mediated nonylphenol toxicity. Male rats were administered orally with nonylphenol at 1,10 and 100 μg/kg body weight per day for 45 days with and without supplementation of vitamin E (20 mg/kg body weight). In nonylphenol-treated rats the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase decreased significantly while the levels of lipid peroxidation increased significantly in the crude homogenate and in the mitochondrial and microsome-rich fractions of testis. Co-administration of nonylphenol and vitamin E did not cause changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in various subcellular fractions of rat testis. The results suggest that graded doses of nonylphenol elicit depletion of antioxidant defence system in rat testis, indicating nonylphenol induced oxidative stress in the testis of rats which could be reversed by the administration of vitamin E. Page(s): 220-223

Ferric reductase, superoxide dismutase and alkaline phosphatase activities in siderophore producing fungi

2013-11-13T16:34:49Z

Title: Ferric reductase, superoxide dismutase and alkaline phosphatase activities in siderophore producing fungi Authors: Baakza, Arefa; Dave, B P; Dube, H C Abstract: Enzymes associated with release of iron from internalized ferrated siderophore (ferrisiderophore reductase), with damage to the cell at high iron concentration (superoxide dismutase) and siderophore synthesis (alkaline phosphatase), were examined in 3 test fungi viz., Aspergillus sp. ABp4, Aureobasidium pullulans and Rhizopus sp. Extracellular ferrisiderophore reductase activity was present in all the three fungi, but Aureobasidium pullulans, that showed the highest activity (84.3 μM min^-1) , was the only one to produce intra-cellular ferric reductase (147.9μM min^-1) . Superoxide dismutase was produced by Aureobasidium pullulans and Rhizopus sp., but not by Aspergillus sp. ABp4, that showed intra-cellular enzyme activity in case of ferric reductase and alkaline phosphatase. Maximum SOD activity was seen in Aureobasidium pullulans both extra-cellularly (93.83 ng ml^-1) and intra-cellularly (57.14 ng ml^-1) . All the test fungi examined, produced intra-cellular alkaline phosphatase. There was no extracellular alkaline phosphatase. Among the three fungi, Aureobasidium pullulans showed highest alkaline phosphatise activity (129.9 μM min^-1) and Aspergillus sp. ABp4 the least (76.4 μM min^-1). Page(s): 217-219