NOPR Collection:

Decolorization and wood degrading ability of locally isolated basidiomycetes

2016-07-20T04:40:17Z

Title: Decolorization and wood degrading ability of locally isolated basidiomycetes Authors: Kale, Swapnil K; Deshmukh, Amit G; Dudhare, Mahendra S Abstract: The decolorization of synthetic dyes was evaluated using locally isolated basidiomycetes. Out of one hundred and twenty one samples collected, three best isolates were selected on the basis of their guaiacol oxidation and CBB G 250 decolorization potential on solid media, out of which AFC 25 has shown some distinct ability to decolorize all synthetic dyes. Synthetic dyes like anthraquinonic, azo and triphenyl methane were tested for decolourization at room temperature, pH 6 and 0.01% w/v concentration in liquid culture. Maximum decolourization observed in BPB to the extent of 97.57%. In wood weight loss assay, the percent wood weight loss was highest with AFC 25 (31.35%). The species was identified as Pleurotus nebrodensis (Inzenga) Quel by partial sequence analysis and the culture was deposited in the National Fungal Culture Collection of India (Accession No NFCCI 2060) while the sequence was submitted to Genebank (JF714975). Page(s): 735-739

Design and Development of Multipath Routing Protocol using QoS in Heterogeneous Network

2016-07-20T04:37:22Z

Title: Design and Development of Multipath Routing Protocol using QoS in Heterogeneous Network Authors: Santhi, S; Sadasivam, G S Abstract: Heterogeneous network research is a recent extension of networking research. HETEROTB is the testbed for a wired-cum-wireless network that combines a stand-alone infrastructure network with a free-standing Mobile Ad- hoc Network (MANET). An Energy-Efficient Link Stability Routing Protocol (EELSRP) is proposed to establish a desired hybrid connection between MANET and the Internet. The proposed protocol uses a new metric to find the route in an intelligent way with higher transmission rates, less latency and better stability. A new mobility predication mechanism was used to determine the stability of links during path selection and also determine the bandwidth and delay constraint checks during route requests. An experimental Internet testbed was created for a heterogeneous network with a combination of wired and wireless nodes. The implementation included two phases: initial simulation and a performance analysis of the heterogeneous network. Experiment was conducted in this heterogeneous infrastructure with different network integration alternatives, and the performance of different routing protocols was measured for various network sizes, pause times and mobility patterns. In the second phase, network experiments were conducted in realistic environments and the quality of service was measured for different routing protocols. Page(s): 729-734

Phytochemical studies and antimicrobial activity of babool seeds

2016-07-20T04:33:28Z

Title: Phytochemical studies and antimicrobial activity of babool seeds Authors: Srivastava, M; Kumar, G; Mohan, R; Malhotra, S Abstract: The antibacterial activity of seed extracts of A. nilotica, P. juliflora and L. leucocephala was determined in vitro using disc diffusion method against different bacterial strains viz. S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia and S. typhi. Dried powder was subjected to successive hot extraction method to obtain various extracts viz. n-hexane, chloroform, acetone, alcohol and water. Assay was performed at a dose of 100 mg/ml, compared to standard Amikacin (30 mg/ml). Maximum inhibition zone of 10 mm was observed by acetone, alcohol and water extract of A. nilotica against E. coli, S. typhi, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa respectively. P. juliflora extracts showed activity (8 mm) against S. aureus and S. typhi only. In L. leucocephala, n-hexane, alcohol and water extractive showed more prominent activity (8 mm). E. coli is neither inhibited by P. juliflora nor by L. does leucocephala extract. Hence a considerable zone of inhibition was observed by all the three babool species, among which A. nilotica exhibit most significant activity against tested strains followed by L. leucocephala and P. juliflora. The study prospects for detailed investigation on isolation and activity guided fractionation of babool seed extracts and their utilization as potential antimicrobials. Page(s): 724-728

Biodegradation of cotton stalk by three white rot fungi and the effects on composition and structure changes of cotton stalk

2016-07-20T04:12:20Z

Title: Biodegradation of cotton stalk by three white rot fungi and the effects on composition and structure changes of cotton stalk Authors: LI, Yanbin; ZHANG, Qin Abstract: In recent years, fungal pretreatment has received renewed attention for biorefinery of lignocellulosic feedstock. The present research was aimed to examine the biodegradation effects of three white rot fungi on cotton stalk. The results showed that three white rot fungi could degrade the lignocellulose of cotton stalk effectively at a certain degradation stage, the forming ratio of hyphal protein had significant negative correlation at the 0.01 level with hemicellulose and cellulose contents in biodegradation process; the degradation period was determined as 15 days, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium was chosen as the main strain for cotton stalk biodegradation. The analysis of FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) revealed that the intensity of absorption peaks of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose decreased in 15-day degraded samples compared to original sample, especially the lignin related groups were degraded strongly, which demonstrated that all the three white rot fungi degraded the cotton stalk lignin effectively; correspondingly, the hypha of white rot fungi entered inside the lignocellulose of cotton stalk, and destroyed the structure, forming many cracks and holes, which exhibited good breaking and extending capability. Page(s): 719-723