NOPR Collection: Pages 245-312

Conserved expression of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1 (UCHL1) in mammalian testes

2016-07-20T05:54:15Z

Title: Conserved expression of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1 (UCHL1) in mammalian testes Authors: Devi, Lalitha; Pawar, Rahul Mohanchandra; Makala, Himesh; Goel, Sandeep Abstract: Spermatogonia, the adult germ cells that initiate spermatogenesis in mammalian testis, are capable of dividing both mitotically and meiotically. Isolation and preservation of spermatogonia helps in preserving genetic pool of endangered animals. In this context, identification of marker(s) that can distinguish spermatogonia from other cells in testis gains significance. Here, we examined the expression of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1 (UCHL1) gene and protein in the testes of several mammals, including highly endangered species. Semi-quantitative-reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed presence of UCHL1 amplicon of 442 bp in all the 18 mammals studied. Nucleotide sequence analysis of these amplicons and their predicted protein sequences revealed 88-99% and 95-100% homology with available human UCHL1 and UCHL1 sequences of other available species in the GenBank, respectively. Western blot analysis showed that UCHL1 protein size was unique in all wild mammals. Immunohistology results confirmed UCHL1 expression in the spermatogonia/gonocytes in testes of several mammals belonging to eight distinct families including highly endangered Felidae, Canidae and Cercopithecoidae. These findings suggest that UCHL1 expression is conserved in the mammalian testis, and could be used as a specific marker for gonocytes/spermatogonia for developing male germ-cell based conservation techniques. Page(s): 305-312

Production of 4-Ipomeanol, an anticancer agent from the root tubers and rhizogenic callus of Ipomoea batatas Lam.: A Comparative study

2016-07-20T05:53:22Z

Title: Production of 4-Ipomeanol, an anticancer agent from the root tubers and rhizogenic callus of Ipomoea batatas Lam.: A Comparative study Authors: Mohanraj, Remya; Subha, S Abstract: A comparative study was done on the production of 4-ipomeanol from root tubers of Ipomoea batatas and its rhizogenic callus. Best callusing response was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 11 µM NAA (α-Naphthaleneacetic acid) and 1 µM KIN (Kinetin). Effect of various elicitors (Fusarium solani, chitin and chitosan) on the production of 4-ipomeanol was studied. Methanol extract of the samples were purified by column chromatography and detected using TLC. Identification of 4-ipomeanol was confirmed using HPLC and quantified spectrophotometrically. A mass spectrum was recorded to confirm the presence of 4-ipomeanol. The calli grown under chitin produced highest (6.61mg g^-1) amount of 4-ipomeanol. This is the first report on in vitro production of 4-ipomeanol from I. batatas. Since 4-ipomeanol is reported to be present only in I. batatas, this study would help in standardizing protocols for large scale production without affecting its natural flora. Page(s): 297-304

Effect of ethanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum L. on tacrine induced orofacial dyskinesia

2016-07-20T05:51:57Z

Title: Effect of ethanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum L. on tacrine induced orofacial dyskinesia Authors: Mohan, Mahalaxmi; Yarlagadda, Sanjyothi; Chintala, Saritha Abstract: The effect of ethanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum L. seeds (100, 200 mg/kg) was studied on tacrine induced orofacial dyskinesia. Tacrine (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) treated animals were observed for vacuous chewing movements (VCM), tongue protrusions (TP) and orofacial bursts (OB) for 1 h followed by observations for locomotor changes and cognitive dysfunction. Sub-chronic administration of Coriandrum sativum L. seed extract (E-CS) (100, 200 mg/kg, p.o., for 15 days significantly (P <0.05) decreased the tacrine induced VCM, TP and OB; and also significantly (P <0.05), increased locomotion and cognition compared to the tacrine treated group. Biochemical analysis revealed that tacrine administration significantly (P <0.05) decreased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSH) levels and also significantly (P <0.05) increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) as an index of oxidative stress, whereas sub-chronic administration of E-CS significantly (P <0.05) improved the antioxidant enzyme (i.e. SOD, CAT, and GSH) levels and also significantly (P <0.05) decreased lipid peroxidation (LPO). The results have demonstrated the protective role of ethanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum. L against tacrine induced orofacial dyskinesia. Page(s): 292-296

Protective effect of Clerodendrum colebrookianum leaves against iron-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino mice

2016-07-20T05:51:11Z

Title: Protective effect of Clerodendrum colebrookianum leaves against iron-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino mice Authors: Das, Abhishek; Chaudhuri, Dipankar; Ghate, Nikhil Baban; Panja, Sourav; Chatterjee, Anupam; Mandal, Nripendranath Abstract: Liver toxicity due to iron overload leads to oxidative damage of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids which in turn manifests several human diseases. Here, we evaluated the improving effect of Clerodendrum colebrookianum leaf on iron overload induced liver injury along with in vitro iron chelation and the protection of Fenton reaction induced DNA damage was conducted. Iron overload was induced by intraperitoneal administration of iron-dextran into mice. Post oral administration of different doses of the extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) showed significant decrease in different biochemical markers such as liver iron, serum ferritin and serum enzyme levels, along with decreased lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and collagen content. In addition, the extract effectively enhanced the antioxidant enzyme levels and also exhibited the potential activity of the reductive release of ferritin iron. The protective effect of C. colebrookianum extract on injured liver was furthermore supported by the histopathological studies that showed improvement histologically. In conclusion, the present results demonstrated the hepatoprotective efficiency of C. colebrookianum leaf in iron overloaded mice, and hence, a potential iron chelating drug for iron overload diseases. Page(s): 281-291