NOPR Collection:

Extraction of resin from cashew nut sludge an Agro-industrial wastes

2016-07-20T06:41:48Z

Title: Extraction of resin from cashew nut sludge an Agro-industrial wastes Authors: Sivamani, S; Priya, P G Abstract: In thiswork, the extraction of resin from the cashew nut sludge (agro-Industrial waste) was done using three different solvents namely methanol, propanol and diethyl ether. Among the three solvents propanol shows the better results for extraction of resin and it was further confirmed with FTIR, TGA-DTA and DSC. The FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopic analysis was used to explore the structural changes of the extracted resin using propanol. The maximum peak obtained using propanol as a solvent for the extraction of resin was 14-16 min intensity. All the experimental study throughout the present study indicated that the obtained resin has wide application on waste water treatment. In future, it can be used as a cheap substitute instead of commercial resin for a better environment. Page(s): 476-478

Cellulase-assisted refining optimization for saving electrical energy demand and pulp quality evaluation

2016-07-20T06:41:43Z

Title: Cellulase-assisted refining optimization for saving electrical energy demand and pulp quality evaluation Authors: Singh, R; Bhardwaj, N K; Choudhury, B Abstract: Papermaking process necessitates fibers to be refined mechanically to develop greater bonding potential. This is achieved in refining step, which requires a huge energy demand. In the present paper, efficiency of biocatalysis was investigated for saving energy by taking different enzyme dosages, reaction times and conditions that were compatible for papermaking process. Bleached mixed hardwood pulp was taken as raw material along with cellulase as biocatalyst to get good quality paper as product. After the enzymatic pre-treatment, pulp was refined in PFI mill. Parameters were compared in terms of number of PFI revolutions required to achieve fixed level of Canadian standard freeness (CSF), 300 ml without affecting the physical strength properties of paper. Action of cellulase on pulp was evaluated by reducing sugar analysis, pulp viscosity determination and amount of fines contents. This treatment achieved reduction in refining energy approx 29% (specific energy consumption reduced from 1.33 kWh/kg of pulp to 0.94 kWh/kg pulp) at an optimized dosage and time with improved pulp quality. Page(s): 471-475

Power Quality Enhancement by Using SVC in Real Time Power System

2016-07-20T06:41:38Z

Title: Power Quality Enhancement by Using SVC in Real Time Power System Authors: Sujatha, S; Anita, R Abstract: Electrical power distribution system is facing various problems such as unbalanced loading, reactive power burden, harmonic distortion and voltage regulation. The appropriate choice for such problem is the Static Var Compensators (SVCs) due to its low cost and simple control strategy. This paper proposes to minimize the harmonics injected into the power distribution systems by the operation of SVC used in coordination with fast changing loads. The main objective of this paper is to mitigate the harmonics in real time industrial power system and compare the results with IEEE std 519-1992. Industry encounters many non-linear loads like arc furnace, VFD which injects the harmonics. In order to reduce the harmonics and its impacts in this paper introduced the FACTS device such as SVC which effectively reduces the harmonics presents in the supply and there by enhances the power quality. Page(s): 466-470

Determination of hexane impurities in eye drops solutions utilizing HS-GC/FID

2016-07-20T06:41:24Z

Title: Determination of hexane impurities in eye drops solutions utilizing HS-GC/FID Authors: Pistos, C; Karampela, S; Vardakou, I; Papoutsis, I; Spiliopoulou, C; Athanaselis, S Abstract: The potential deleterious effects of extractables/leachables in pharmaceutical products led the USP, EP and JP to require extractable and toxicity testing of container/closure systems. To that, a HS-GC/FID method was developed and validated for the determination of hexane as potential extractable residue from pharmaceutical container closure system into eye drops solutions. A migration study was further applied in eight eye drops formulations currently marketed products after short and long term exposure of these products at various temperatures. This method allows the establishment of hexane safety qualification thresholds to monitor eye drops solutions products for this residue. Page(s): 461-465