NOPR Collection:

Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling and Experimental Investigation of Waste Collection Blower

2016-10-05T10:35:40Z

Title: Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling and Experimental Investigation of Waste Collection Blower Authors: Jayapragasan, C N; Reddy, K J Abstract: Centrifugal fans plays an important role in the proper functioning of cleaning the machine and fluffs collection for industrial travelling cleaner. In this research work, to standardize the Volute and fan for both cleaning and fluffs collection system, it is proposed to analyze the performance and design of radial and forward fan blowers for standardization with better performance. This study presents a design methodology to examine the performance of both fans using computational fluid dynamics approach. The effects of fan geometry at the inlet on performance of the fan have been assessed and the volute dimensions have been kept constant. Total discharge and total pressure are the output parameters calculated. The volute and fans were modeled using SolidWorks and prior to simplification the geometries of the blower models were meshed in ICEM CFD. Analysis is carried out and the solution is obtained using FLUENT V6. The post processing is carried out using CFD POST and the results are presented and discussed in detail. The results obtained were then validated using the experimental method for real application. Result showed that 21.6% Mass flow rate and 4.5% Total pressure increases in Radial fan blower. Page(s): 638-642

Photocatalytic Degradation of Nitrobenzene and Azo Dye Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared by Electrochemical Method

2016-10-05T10:21:09Z

Title: Photocatalytic Degradation of Nitrobenzene and Azo Dye Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared by Electrochemical Method Authors: Anand, V; Srivastava, V C Abstract: Photocatalytic degradation of nitrobenzene (NB) and an azo dye (namely azophloxine) was carried out using zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles which were prepared by electrochemical method using zinc electrodes in aqueous oxalic acid solution. Taguchi methodology was applied for studying the effects of four experimental parameters namely catalyst dosage (g/l), time of reaction (h), pH and H₂O₂ dose. Degradation efficiency of NB was found to increase with an increase in H₂O₂concentration and decrease in catalyst dosage and pH. Maximum NB degradation efficiency of 98% was observed at catalyst dosage=1 g/l, pH=3, H₂O₂ to C₆H₅NO₂ ratio of 7 mol/mol after 5 h of treatment. Similarly, maximum dye degradation efficiency of 58% and color removal efficiency of 78% was observed at catalyst dosage=1.25 g/l, pH=4, H₂O₂concentration of 8 mmol/l in 5 h. Overall, prepared ZnO nanoparticles performed better for NB degradation in comparison to azo dye degradation. Page(s): 632-637

Optimization of Simple Sugars and Process pH for Effective Biohydrogen Production Using Enterobacter Aerogens: An Experimental Study

2016-10-05T10:11:42Z

Title: Optimization of Simple Sugars and Process pH for Effective Biohydrogen Production Using Enterobacter Aerogens: An Experimental Study Authors: Kumar, V; Kothari, R; Pathak, V V; Tyagi, S K Abstract: This communication presents the potential of process parameters including simple sugars and pH for biohydrogen production using facultative anaerobic bacteria Enterobacter aerogens. The obtained data was fit in the modified Gompertz equation and the regression coefficient (R²) was found in the range of 0.998 which provides a strong correlation between the experimental data and the curve fit. The study revealed that glucose is the most compatible and cost effective substrate for biohydrogen production having yield of 0.87mol H₂/mol of glucose consumed. It is also found that there is a strong possibility to use sugar based organic residues from industrial substrates and wastewater for clean energy products which are cost effective and environmental friendly. Page(s): 626-631

Optimization of Process Parameters for Siderophore Production Under Solid State Fermentation Using Polystyrene Beads as Inert Support

2016-10-05T10:02:34Z

Title: Optimization of Process Parameters for Siderophore Production Under Solid State Fermentation Using Polystyrene Beads as Inert Support Authors: Prabhu, G Nagendra; Bindu, P Abstract: Kuttanad, commonly called the rice bowl of Kerala, is noted for its paddy cultivation well below sea level. Decrease in micro and macro nutrients is a common phenomenon in all agricultural lands and the micro-biota plays a major role in maintaining soil fertility of agrarian regions. Iron is one of the most common limiting trace elements in nature which is essential for the growth and metabolism of almost all living organisms. Deficiency of iron is primarily due to its poor solubility. Bacteria secrete iron chelating agents known as siderophores to absorb iron, which promotes plant growth. In the present study, soil and water samples from Kuttanad were screened for siderophore producing bacteria. Ten siderophore producing bacteria were isolated from the soil and water environments by primary screening. Secondary screening using Chrome Azurol Sulphonate agar was done to confirm siderophore producers. A Pseudomonas strain isolated from the soil was selected for siderophore production under solid state fermentation using polystyrene beads as inert support. Process parameters of the fermentation process along with additional carbon, nitrogen and amino acid sources were optimized so as to increase the production of siderophores. Succinate medium of pH 8, incubation temperature of 35^oC and incubation time of 48 hours were proved optimum for siderophore production. 0.5% v/w glycerol, 0.5% w/w ammonium chloride and 2.5 % w/w L-asparagine were the carbon, nitrogen and amino acid sources which gave maximum siderophore production respectively. This is the first study of its kind and has tremendous potential for further research. Page(s): 621-625