NOPR Collection: Pages 741-812

Sodium butyrate induces p53 dependent and independent cell death in human brain tumor cells in primary culture in vitro

2017-11-06T07:29:50Z

Title: Sodium butyrate induces p53 dependent and independent cell death in human brain tumor cells in primary culture in vitro Authors: Mitra, Rohan; Vazhayil, Vikas; Bhagavatula, Indira Devi; Keshava, Rohini; Gope, Rajalakshmi Abstract: The anticancer effect of sodium butyrate (Na-Bu) has been demonstrated in many model systems. In this study, effect of Na-Bu on the survival of human brain tumor cells in primary culture was analyzed. A total of 20 glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), 15 astrocytomas, 15 meningiomas and 32 neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) tumor tissues were minced and cultured in primary cultures and the status of Fas, Bax, Bcl-2, p21 and p53 proteins were analyzed by western blotting after 48 h of Na-Bu exposure. Na-Bu treatment caused 75-80% cell death and it also increased the level of Fas protein in GBMs, astrocytomas, and meningiomas with mutant p53 but not with wild type p53. All the NF2 tumors had wild type p53, they had a trace level of Fas protein and Na-Bu exposure caused little change in Fas level. These data suggest that Na-Bu caused p53-dependent and p53-independent cell death in the brain tumors with wild type and mutant p53, respectively. All the Na-Bu treated samples had increased levels of pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-oncogenic p21 proteins, and decreased level of oncogenic, antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein. These data indicate that the Na-Bu exposure caused cell death in these brain tumors due to apoptosis. Na-Bu could be developed as a therapeutic agent in the management of human brain tumors regardless of the p53 mutation status. Page(s): 747-755

Predictive factors of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns at University hospital in northern Iran

2017-11-06T07:26:00Z

Title: Predictive factors of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns at University hospital in northern Iran Authors: Jalali, Seyedeh-Zohreh; Saeidinia, Amin; Poorabbas, Seyyed Mohammad Abstract: Jaundice or hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most frequent problems of neonatal period and involves about 60% of term and 80% of preterm neonates in the first week of birth. Hence, here we investigated the epidemiological, relevant factors and causes of neonatal jaundice in this study. . Data of 126 records of neonates who were hospitalized due to jaundice between January 1, 2011 and January 30, 2012 at the 17^th Shahrivar Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran were checked and evaluated. Data was gathered based on a questionnaire that had two parts: (i) demographic and (ii) causes and risk factors of jaundice. Data were analyzed by SPSS software ver.18 using descriptive tests, Student’s T, Chi-square and Linear Regression tests. There were 65 (51.6%) males and 61 (48.4%) females. Mean age of them was 6.98±4.32 days. One-Hundred one patients (80.1%) had pathologic jaundice; 107 neonates (84.9%) born term of which 106 (84.1%) were exclusive breastfed. There was significant correlation between gestational time (P=0.019), existence of Rh incompatibility (P=0.001) and ABO incompatibility (P=0.009) with mean of level of admitted bilirubin. Time of gestations (P=0.001), Birth weight (P=0.024), history of jaundice in siblings (p=0.001) and gestational age between 37 and 38^th week (P=0.003) were predictive factors for pathological hyperbilirubinemia in this study. Results of our study showed high frequency of pathological jaundice in hospitalized infants. Prognostic factors of this study can help in better screening of type of jaundice. Page(s): 756-760

Effect of alcohol on biochemical properties and thermal stability of weight bearing bones in male Wistar rats

2017-11-06T07:17:05Z

Title: Effect of alcohol on biochemical properties and thermal stability of weight bearing bones in male Wistar rats Authors: Jayanand; Sinha, Anvesha; Gupta, Reeva; Rai, Durg V. Abstract: Alcohol consumption poses significant risk for osteoporosis development. The present study deals with changes in biochemical properties and thermal stability of weight bearing bones in alcohol noshed rats. About 48 male Wistar rats were equally divided into control (Gr. I) and treatment groups Gr. II-IV) subjected to 10, 20 and 30% ethanol administration, respectively. At the end of study, rats were sacrificed by decapitation under deep anesthesia and tibiae and fibulae bones were resected and used for biochemical (DNA, RNA, proteins and ash/inorganic minerals concentration) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). Administration of ethanol at higher doses (Gr. III & IV) had depressing effects on the nucleic acids and protein concentrations. The inorganic mineral content was also found to be lesser than that of control. The TGA revealed an increasing %weight loss in Gr. III and IV. This increase in %weight loss is due to decrease in mineral content causing calcification of bones and resulting in osteoporosis. The present study provides an insight that chronic consumption of alcohol negatively affects the biochemical properties and stability of bones, augmenting risks of osteoporotic fractures. However, at lower doses, alcohol administration may be helpful in bestowing thermal strength to bones. Page(s): 761-767

Protective effect of standardized extract of Glycine max seeds against experimentally induced gastroesophageal reflux disease in rats

2017-11-06T07:11:02Z

Title: Protective effect of standardized extract of Glycine max seeds against experimentally induced gastroesophageal reflux disease in rats Authors: Gupta, Shyam Sundar; Azmi, Lubna; Shukla, Ila; Mohapatra, P K; Rao, Ch V Abstract: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition in which the stomach contents flow upward into the oesophagus. The molecules having flavonoid like structure reported to have radical scavenging activity and the antioxidant activity are useful in the treatment of GERD. Kaempferol is one such flavonoid found in plants including soybean. In the current study, we investigated the effect of standardized extract of Glycine max (soybean) seeds on gastroesophageal reflux disease in rats. The standardized extract (50-200 mg/kg) was administered orally twice daily for 5 days and omeprazole 1 h prior to the induction of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The levels of gastric wall mucus increased and of plasma histamine and H⁺-K⁺-ATPase significantly decreased in groups treated by standardized extract. The standardized extract reduced lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase and increased the levels of catalase and reduced glutathione. The results suggest that the Glycine max seeds are effective against gastroesophageal reflux disease and it protects esophageal in rats. Page(s): 768-775