NOPR Collection:

Evaluation of histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the testicular cells of Wistar rats post chronic exposure to gold nanoparticles

2018-08-07T05:58:23Z

Title: Evaluation of histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the testicular cells of Wistar rats post chronic exposure to gold nanoparticles Authors: Gupta, Himanshu; Singh, Dipty; Vanage, Geeta; Joshi, D S; Thakur, Mansee Abstract: Gold nanoparticles (GNP) have numerous therapeutic potentials due to their ability to cross blood barriers. However, limited data is available showing GNPs crossing the blood testicular barrier. Here we report results of chronic exposure (90 days) to GNPs ranging in size 5 to 20 nm in male Wistar rats. Histopathological and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis show GNPs distributed and accumulated in majority of the testicular tissues. This shows the ability of GNPs of specific sizes to cross the blood testicular barrier effectively, indicating possible insignificant toxicity to spermatogenesis process due to chronic exposure. Thus, GNPs of smaller size can possibly be used for various therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Page(s): 9-15

Computational analysis and gene cloning: design and preparation of a multi subunit vaccine consisting of EspA, Stx2B and Intimin antigens against enterohaemrrhagic Escherichia coli

2018-08-07T05:55:45Z

Title: Computational analysis and gene cloning: design and preparation of a multi subunit vaccine consisting of EspA, Stx2B and Intimin antigens against enterohaemrrhagic Escherichia coli Authors: Bakhshi, Mostafa; Ebrahimi, Firouz; Nazarian, Shahram; Zargan, Jamil Abstract: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an intestinal pathogen that made diarrhoea, haemolytic uremia syndrome (HUS) and hemorrhagic colitis (HC) in patients. Roles of EspA and Intimin at the beginning of bacteria colonization in intestine are critical. Destruction of protein synthesis route with shiga toxins of E. coli O157:H7 is mediated through B-subunit of toxins. In this study, in silico approaches were performed to design a suitable construct from EspA, Intimin and Stx2B and a recombinant chimeric antigen was produced. Bioinformatics analyses such as physicochemical data, mRNA folding, 3D structures of chimera and various immunoinformatic data, such as linear and conformational B-cell epitopes, T-cell epitopes were reported according to authentic data base. The chimeric gene was prepared as synthetic construct after designing and cloning. The validation result showed that 83.9% residues lie in favoured or additional allowed region of the Ramachandran plot. Epitope prediction results proved very good distribution of conformational B-cell epitopes in the 3D structure of chimera. The identified T-cell epitopes are apt to bind MHC molecules. A good quantity of recombinant chimeric antigen was achieved in host cells. From in silico approach, an appropriate multi subunit vaccine candidate was designed and prepared for immunological examinations. Page(s): 16-26

Functional assessment of subtilosin A against Aeromonas spp. causing gastroenteritis and hemorrhagic septicaemia

2018-08-07T05:50:56Z

Title: Functional assessment of subtilosin A against Aeromonas spp. causing gastroenteritis and hemorrhagic septicaemia Authors: Vignesh, Venkatasamy; Sathiyanarayanan, Ganesan; Parthiban, Karuppaiah; Kumar, Kamaraj Sathish; Thirumurugan, Ramasamy Abstract: Anti-Aeromonas and cell membrane lytic bacteriocin substance, subtilosin A producing Bacillus subtilis VT03 was explored. Strain VT03 was isolated from freshwater fish (Tilapia) intestine and screened for its antimicrobial activity against four pathogenic strains of Aeromonas spp. causing gastroenteritis and hemorrhagic septicaemia. Isolate (VT03) was identified showing inhibition in agar spot assay. The strain VT03 was the one exhibiting strong inhibition and identified as Bacillus subtilis using 16S rRNA sequencing. Cell free supernatant (CFS) of the strain VT03 was active against pathogenic strains of Aeromonas spp, subsequently CFS was partially purified and designated as PPB-VT03 showing inhibition against A. hydrophila ATCC 49140. PPB-VT03 completely lost its activity upon treating with proteinase K revealing that the defense molecule could be proteinaceous in nature. Based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), functional gene coding for subtilosin A (sboA) was found to be present whereas subtilin (spaS) was absent. The role of partially purified bacteriocin of isolate VT03 (PPB-VT03) through FTIR and SEM analysis revealed the activity of cell lysis. The study demonstrated the potential use of subtilosin A producing Bacillus subtilis as a potent source for antibacterial peptide. Page(s): 27-32

Identification of efficient dye decolorizing laccase producing fungi from Kolli Hills

2018-08-07T05:47:31Z

Title: Identification of efficient dye decolorizing laccase producing fungi from Kolli Hills Authors: Rathinasamy, Periasamy; Thayumanavan, Palvannan Abstract: Laccase is one of the most promising ligninolytic enzymes for the industrial application and ecofriendly bioremediation process. Twenty-five carpophores were collected from different places of Kolli Hills (Namakkal district Tamilnadu, India) and screened on the solid media containing guaiacol, which enabled the detection of laccase secretion. Three positive strains were isolated and the quantitative production of laccase was determined in submerged culture to select hypersecretory strain for further study. Among the three strains, “ST02” the best producer of laccase was selected and was analyzed for the dye decolorization potential using dyes like Poly R-478 and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR). Identification of the isolated organism was carried out by classical and molecular methods. Approximately 625 bp of the ST02 5.8S rDNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The phylogenetic relationship of the isolated strain was studied by comparing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of ST02 with similar related sequences deposited in the GenBank database. The present study showed that relatively simple plate test screening method and ITS analysis can be used for identification of laccase producing new strain. The isolated organism was designated as Pleurotus ostreatus IMI 395545. Page(s): 33-43