NOPR Collection:

Trace elements analysis of Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC. by EDXRF spectroscopy and its therapeutic role in diabetes mellitus

2020-02-27T05:57:57Z

Title: Trace elements analysis of Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC. by EDXRF spectroscopy and its therapeutic role in diabetes mellitus Authors: Kumar, S Santhosh; Sudarshan, M; Chakraborty, A Abstract: Minerals and trace elements, as structural components of tissues, play vital role in cellular and basal metabolism. The Little Tree Plant, Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC., locally called Lajalu, is a well-known medicinal herb, traditionally considered as one of the 10 flowers used since ancient time for healthy life. In Ayurveda, it is used to treat various ailments viz., asthma, insomnia, convulsions, cramps, stomach ache, chest complaints, inflammation, tumours and skin disorders. In this study, we analyzed the elemental contents of its leaves and roots using EDXRF spectroscopy, and tried to find possible correlation with its nutritional and curative effects. The elements Ca, K, Si, Cl, P, and S were found in the highest concentration in leaf, in the descending order, but in the root, K took the leading position. The results have been discussed with reference to the established role of these elements in physiology and pathology of human life with special focus on its role in bone building, controlling the sugar level and wound healing capacity of patients with diabetes mellitus. Page(s): 8-14

Protective effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Cinnamomum zeylanicum against diabetes induced oxidative DNA damage in rats

2020-02-27T05:56:07Z

Title: Protective effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Cinnamomum zeylanicum against diabetes induced oxidative DNA damage in rats Authors: Sharma, Sapneh; Mishra, Vibhuti; Srivastava, Nalini Abstract: Diabetes mellitus has become a global epidemic as its prevalence is steadily increasing everywhere at an alarming rate, most markedly in the India. Traditional Indian system of medicine based on herbal therapies is being practiced since ancient times and has been proved very effective against number of diseases. Trigonella foenum-graecum (Tfg) and Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Cz), the two spices, possess multiple medicinal properties. Hence present study is aimed to evaluate the protective effects of these plants on the oxidative DNA damage in diabetic rats. The presence of DNA base oxidation was investigated by modified comet assay which uses bacterial repair enzymes, formamidopyrimidine glycosylase and Endonuclease III which can measure oxidatively damaged purines and pyrimidines, respectively. Diabetes induced alteration in total antioxidant capacity (TAC), generation of superoxide anion and the levels of GSH, GSSG, NADH, NAD⁺, NADPH and NADP⁺ were monitored. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of alloxan, followed by oral administration of aqueous suspension of Tfg seeds and bark of Cz. Treatment of Tfg and Cz significantly restored the altered level of superoxide anion, TAC, ratios of GSH/GSSG, NAD(P)H/NAD(P)⁺ and NADH/NAD⁺ in the diabetic group. Furthermore, both the treatment effectively decreased the level of oxidatively damaged purine and pyrimidine bases. Page(s): 15-26

A novel compound β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside isolated from Azadirachta indica effectively induces apoptosis in leukemic cells by targeting G0/G1 populations

2020-02-27T05:53:46Z

Title: A novel compound β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside isolated from Azadirachta indica effectively induces apoptosis in leukemic cells by targeting G0/G1 populations Authors: Sarkar, Swadesh; Pal, Amrita; Chouni, Anirban; Paul, Santanu Abstract: Azadirachta indica, popularly known as ‘Neem’, is an important plant in the Ayurveda system of medicine. It is known to prevent about at least 40 types of diseases in home-practice. A previous report showed that the methanolic extract of this plant can effectively control proliferation of leukemia cells. Here, we explored the eEthanolic extract dried neem leaves for a new molecule with potent anti-leukemic property.Four biomolecules were isolated viz. rutin, isoquercetin, quercetrin and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside from the ethanolic extract by repeated column chromatography and HPLC.Quercetrin structures of the isolated molecules were confirmed by Mass, ¹HNMR, ¹³C NMR spectra analysis. MTT assay revealed that β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside effectively reduced the proliferation of MOLT 4 leukemic cells in a dose and time dependent manner. DAPI staining with confocal microscopy indicated that β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside efficiently induced nuclear DNA fragmentation in MOLT 4 cells. Finally, flow cytometry after PI staining showed that the compound has potential to check the cell cycle progression at sub G1 phase. With the available results, it can be concluded that β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside has potential to be good therapeutic drug in leukemia treatment. Page(s): 27-32

Protective role of nanoemulsion containing roman chamomile oil against mitomycin C-induced toxicity in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma bearing mice

2020-02-27T05:48:00Z

Title: Protective role of nanoemulsion containing roman chamomile oil against mitomycin C-induced toxicity in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma bearing mice Authors: Al-Otaibi, Waad A; Alkhatib, Mayson H; Wali, Abdulwahab Noor Abstract: Mitomycin-C (MC), an anticancer agent, induces oxidative stress in normal tissues causing severe toxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate whether the side effects of MC may be diminished by the incorporation of MC into nanoemulsion containing Roman chamomile oil (RCM-NE). Fifty mice were equally divided into five groups. The first and second groups were the control and the untreated Ehrlich ascites carcinoma bearing mice (EAC), respectively, while the other three groups were EAC-bearing mice treated once intraperitoneally with a dose of 200 µL of RCM-NE, 1 mg/kg⁻¹ MC/200 µL normal saline, and 1 mg/kg⁻¹ MC/200 µL RCM-NE. The protective effect of the RCM-NE was examined by measuring the alterations in complete blood count, organs weight indices, and levels of serum biochemical parameters. The oxidative stress was assessed by measuring lipid peroxidation and enzyme activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and thioredoxin reductase-1. MC-RCM-NE has significantly reduced the toxicity of MC on the white blood cells and platelets. It improved the renal and cardiac biomarker levels and the antioxidants of the kidney, heart, and thymus. The protective effect of the RCM-NE on the blood and organs against MC toxicity was associated with the decreasing of oxidative stress and maintaining the activity of the antioxidants. Page(s): 33-44