http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/55848 2026-10-09T03:52:10Z 2026-10-09T03:52:10Z Dhua, Manabendra Maiti, Sabyasachi Sen, Kalyan Kumar http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58743 2021-12-27T10:49:35Z 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Assessment of Anti-microbial and Anti-oxidant Activities of Modified Guar Gum Authors: Dhua, Manabendra; Maiti, Sabyasachi; Sen, Kalyan Kumar Abstract: Apart from drug delivery potential of polysaccharides or their chemical derivatives, some chemically modified polysaccharides particularly sulfated polysaccharides showed significant biological property. In this study, guar gum was sulfated by reacting with various ratios of CSA (chlorosulfonic acid) and pyridine to obtain the product with different degree of sulfation (DS). The sulfated guar gum derivatives were examined by FTIR, NMR and degree of sulfation analysed and were further evaluated for their potential antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method. Results obtained from the study indicated that derivatives having higher degree of sulfation exhibited moderate activity against the selected bacterial strains at 200 μg∙ml−1. However, the sulfated guar gum did not show any significant antifungal activity at any concentration studied. The sulfated guar gum demonstrated dose-dependent DPPH and H2O2 scavenging activity with maximum activity noted at 2 mg∙ml−1 concentration. The sulfation of partially oxidized guar gum caused significant improvement of antioxidant activity to that observed for non-oxidized sulfated guar gum derivative. This study revealed that the extent of sulfation and molecular weight had significant impact on antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of guar gum. Page(s): 1033-1041

2021-12-01T00:00:00Z Khadatkar, Abhijit Mathur, S M Dubey, K Magar, A P http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58742 2021-12-27T10:47:38Z 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Automatic Ejection of Plug-type Seedlings using Embedded System for use in Automatic Vegetable Transplanter Authors: Khadatkar, Abhijit; Mathur, S M; Dubey, K; Magar, A P Abstract: This paper presents an automatic ejection mechanism using micro-controller based system for various plug-type vegetables seedlings grown in pro-trays. The developed system consisted of an electro-mechanical unit for actuating metering shaft through stepper motor and feed roller through DC (Direct Current) motor by computer programme. Both the stepper and DC motor were linked to the micro-controller via universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter protocol using an Arduino Uno. Here, computer programme was used to integrate with electro-mechanical unit using drivers which controls the stepper motor as well as DC motor. The main objective of this paper is to provide an automatic ejection mechanism to automate the transplanting operation for plug-type seedlings directly from pro-trays. The mechanism was tested under actual field conditions for various performance parameters like plant spacing, miss planting, transplanting efficiency, effective field capacity, and field transplanting efficiency. Also, the effective field capacity was compared with conventional method of transplanting (manual transplanting). The spacing between consecutive plants was found in the range of 564 mm to 599 mm, and the miss planting was about 4.5 to 5%. Also, the transplanting efficiency and field transplanting efficiency was observed to be 90.0–92.6% and 74.1–75.6%, respectively. The effective field capacity with developed automatic vegetable transplanter was 0.093 ha/h whereas it was 0.027 ha/h with manual transplanting for both type of seedlings. The results indicated that automatic ejection mechanism can be used for automatic planting of plug-type seedlings viz. tomato, eggplant, chilli, etc. as an alternative to hand transplanting by providing a better transplanting efficiency, optimum plant spacing and ensuring timeliness in operation. Additionally, due to automation it will considerably reduce the man power requirement and enhance the productivity as compared to manual transplanting. Page(s): 1042-1048

2021-12-01T00:00:00Z M N, Ashwath B N, Sathish N L, Deepthi Dechamma G M, Devagiri R K, Hegde T S, Hareesh http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58741 2021-12-27T10:44:45Z 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Geographic and Within Tree Variation for Wood Properties in Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Wight and Arn. Populations Authors: M N, Ashwath; B N, Sathish; N L, Deepthi Dechamma; G M, Devagiri; R K, Hegde; T S, Hareesh Abstract: The study was conducted to compare the wood parameters among nine populations of Acrocarpus fraxinifolius from Southern Karnataka. To understand the variation, three trees from each population were selected and different wood properties, viz., bark-thickness, wood density, specific gravity, fibre parameters and vessel parameters, were analysed. The basic wood density of species was ranged between 0.370 g∙cc−1 to 0.580 g∙cc−1. There was a significant difference in fibre length across the populations, with an average fibre length of 1225.49 μm. There was not much difference in fibre width, fibre lumen width and fibre wall thickness. Vessel parameters, except vessel wall thickness varied among the populations. The vessel length varied from 104.78 μm to 124.71 μm. The wood traits varied among the radial portion i.e., from pith to periphery region. Considering the important wood traits, Shreemangala and Balehonnuru populations were found to be better compared to other populations. Page(s): 1049-1055

2021-12-01T00:00:00Z Ozbas, Emine Elmaslar Catalbas, Ahsen http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58740 2021-12-27T10:40:44Z 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Effects of Adding MSW Compost, Lime and Commercial Soil Improvers on Soil Heavy Metal Concentrations Authors: Ozbas, Emine Elmaslar; Catalbas, Ahsen Abstract: In this study, it was aimed to improve the soil with low pH and high amount of heavy metals by using municipal solid waste compost, lime and commercial soil improvers (Terra B and Viro Bind). In this study, the forms of the metals in the soil were determined by using sequential extraction method. It was investigated how soil improvers added to soil change the forms of metals. It was also investigated how the addition of soil improvers (compost, lime and commercial soil improvers) to the soil affects the amount of metal deposited on the roots and stems of the plants (Zea mays). It has been observed that the improvers added to the soil increase the pH value of the soil as T50 > Compost > Lime > A2. The sequential extraction results revealed that exchangeable forms of the studied heavy metals were transformed into the organically bound form. When compared with the control, high concentrations of the metals (except Ni) were found in the Organic Matter (OM) bound and residual forms following the addition of commercial soil conditioners such as A2 and T50, respectively. For the metals measured in the study, with the addition of A2, 96% of Pb, 99% of Cu and Cd, 86% of Ni and 97% of Zn are transformed into OM bound and residual forms, and with the addition of T50, 80% of Pb, 99% of Cu, Cd and ZN, and 78% of Ni were converted to OM bound and residual forms. These results indicated that the application of 1.5% lime combined with 10% compost substantially enhanced plant growth in the contaminated soils. Page(s): 1056-1065

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