<b>[Pages 443-568]</b> http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/60075 2026-10-09T23:43:05Z 2026-10-09T23:43:05Z Prakash, M Sunilkumar, B Bharathi, J Kanmani Viswanathan, C http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/60092 2022-07-11T08:15:37Z 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Root dynamics and drought stress management in plants — An overview Authors: Prakash, M; Sunilkumar, B; Bharathi, J Kanmani; Viswanathan, C Abstract: Drought is a predominant factor responsible for yield reduction throughout the world. The current scenario of climate change and global warming are further causing frequent and severe droughts, which emphasize the need to understand the response of plants to drought stress. Hence, it is imperative to develop a system wherein water utilization in agriculture is managed more efficiently. In this context, the plant root system which is in close association with soil assumes greater importance and they play an important role in plant growth and development by exploiting soil water and nutrients. Root traits such as root diameter, length, specific area, angle, length and density are considered useful traits for improving plant growth under drought conditions. This review on root dynamics under drought stress presented here provides readers with the latest information on root system architecture, genetics, physiology and molecular responses of roots under drought stress. Page(s): 449-455

2022-07-01T00:00:00Z Raju, Gomathi Sailaja, Nori Sri Krishnapriya, Vengavasi M, Prakash http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/60091 2022-07-11T08:13:54Z 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Ameliorating drought stress in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) using biostimulants Authors: Raju, Gomathi; Sailaja, Nori Sri; Krishnapriya, Vengavasi; M, Prakash Abstract: In India, abiotic stress, particularly drought, is known to affect sugarcane cultivation. Among various management strategies, application of biostimulants, especially those from seaweeds, offer promising results in containing yield loss due to drought stress. Here, we tested the efficacy of Sea6 liquid biostimulant formulation LBS6 in field condition along with conventional management practices for comparison purpose using two popular commercial varieties of sugarcane (Co 86032 and Co 0212). Drought stress imposed during formative phase of the crop and foliar application of sea6 liquid formulation was applied at 60, 90 and 120 days after planting (DAP). The effect of liquid formulation on mitigating drought stress was assessed by studying the growth, physiological, yield and yield traits at important pheno-phases of the crop. Results showed that, in Co 86032 shoot population of control was 100.5×103 ha-1 and drought was 85.1×103 ha-1 with mean reduction of 15.5% over control. Drought stress induced 11.4, 12.4, 9.8 and 5.0% reduction in plant height, leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and photochemical efficiency, respectively. In Co 0212, drought induced 10.15, 9.4, 10.5, 9.5 and 5.1% reduction in shoot population, plant height, LAI, SPAD value and photochemical efficiency, respectively. Under drought condition, in Co 86032, foliar application of KCl (2.5%) and seaweed extract LBS6(2 mL L-1) was observed comparatively higher cane yield of 92.9 t ha-1 and 89.5 t ha-1, with 18 and 16.5% yield improvement over untreated drought plot, respectively. In Co 0212, foliar application of KCl (2.5%) and seaweed extract LBS6 (2 mL L-1) recorded 99 and 93.5 t ha-1 with 18.5% and 15.2% yield improvement over untreated drought plot, respectively. Among the two varieties, Co 0212 performed better under drought situation with KCl (2.5%) spray demonstrating better physiological efficiency under stress, closely followed by of sea6 formulation LBS6 (2 mL L-1). Further, the drought management practices did not affect the juice quality parameters in both the tested varieties. Page(s): 456-462

2022-07-01T00:00:00Z Yoglakshmi, C Pearl, Rajan Isha Fasoula, Vasilia A Karthick, J Thirumeni, S http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/60090 2022-07-11T08:12:00Z 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Efficiency of honeycomb selection design in early segregating generation in ADT45 × Nona Bokra cross under salt stress Authors: Yoglakshmi, C; Pearl, Rajan Isha; Fasoula, Vasilia A; Karthick, J; Thirumeni, S Abstract: Salt stress is a major abiotic stress that limits rice productivity worldwide including India. As modern rice varieties are salt sensitive, infusing salt tolerance through breeding is a viable farmer-friendly approach. Breeding salt tolerant rice varieties has been slow due to complexity of the trait and high Genotype × Environment interaction in the salt affected field. Selection practiced in such a situation using conventional selection design (CSD), in the presence of competition, would be misleading. On the otherhand, selection is effective in the absence of competition in honeycomb selection and counteracts the disturbing effects of competition on effectiveness of selection. In the present study, we tested the efficiency of honeycomb selection design (HSD) in early generation of a rice cross genetically in improving the yield and practice selection. All the characters studied in both the design showed non normal distribution except for panicle length in CSD. All the characters studied in both the design had lower coefficient of variation, high mean and high standard deviation in the HSD compared to CSD. Large number of genes with duplicate epistasis governs days to flowering whereas panicle length and single plant yield are governed by few number of genes with complimentary epistasis. Twenty nine F2 plants each in CSD and HSD were selected based on mean and plant index (SPY), respectively. Plants selected in HSD recorded higher percentage of increase over base population compared to CSD and found HSD to be superior to CSD because of enhanced phenotypic expression in the former by eliminating confounding effects of negative correlation between yielding and competitive ability. Page(s): 463-470

2022-07-01T00:00:00Z Roshni, A Mary Saravanan, KR Harikrishnan, M Anandan, R Prakash, M http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/60089 2022-07-19T11:32:59Z 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Screening for seedling stage salinity tolerance and comparative transcriptome analysis in Rice, Oryza sativa L. Authors: Roshni, A Mary; Saravanan, KR; Harikrishnan, M; Anandan, R; Prakash, M Abstract: Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses which affect crop productivity including rice, Oryza sativa L. Developing salt tolerant varieties gained considerable attention accordingly. Here, we studied salinity tolerance in rice crop. We screened ten rice genotypes for saline tolerance at different concentrations of 0 dSm-1, 2 dSm-1, 4 dSm-1, 6 dSm-1, 8 dSm-1, 10 dSm-1, 12 dSm-1 and 14 dSm-1, respectively. Among the ten genotypes studied, CARIDhan-7 tolerated salt stress up to 6 dSm-1 of irrigated water. Comparative transcriptome analysis was done with the genotypes by treating with saline water at 0 dSm-1 and 6 dSm-1. A total of 1013 genes were differentially expressed under simulated stress conditions. Out of which, 551 genes were upregulated and 462 genes were downregulated. Based on the metabolic pathway analysis, the MAPK signaling pathway, along with the other 9 pathways were found to be enriched in the stressed sample. Nine ion transporter genes, 1 potassium channel, 1 protein phosphatase gene, IAA homologs OsIAA9, two ROS scavenging-related genes, and 4 stress-regulated genes identified were found to be significantly up-regulated along with some functional proteins previously reported under salt stress. An AP2-like ethylene-responsive transcription factor PLETHORA 2 was found to be downregulated. The results suggested that the CARIDhan-7 genotype undergoes various saline tolerant mechanisms and pathways in response to the stress imposed when compared to non-stressed seedlings. Page(s): 471-480

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