http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/61 2026-10-08T16:17:18Z 2026-10-08T16:17:18Z Atav, R Kes Kin Atak, Seda http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/68387 2026-09-03T11:52:16Z 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Determination of wet fastness and colour resistance to repeated washings of reactive dyes depending on chromophore group Authors: Atav, R; Kes Kin Atak, Seda Abstract: The resistance of colour to repeated domestic washing is a critical performance requirement for cotton fabrics dyed with reactive dyes, particularly in terms of maintaining acceptable wet fastness and colour stability. Although the washing fastness of reactive dyed products is generally good, colour change remains an inevitable issue, particularly under repeated washing conditions. Within the scope of this study, this research aimed to determine how wet fastness values, and especially colour change after repeated washes, are influenced by the dye chromophore group, which is the primary colour-determining component of reactive dyes. The results demonstrated that monoazo, metal azo and anthraquinone-based dyes exhibited lower levels of colour change after repeated washes, whereas other dyes (phthalocyanine, copper formazan, bisazo and triphendioxazine) showed more pronounced colour changes. Regarding the effect of washing frequency, the colour differences observed between 0-1-5-10-20 washes and between 20-30-40-50-60 washes were found to be statistically insignificant. These findings indicate that colour loss remains at acceptable levels up to the first 20 washes, while substantial colour loss occurs after approximately 30 washes, depending on the dye type. Page(s): 335-341

2026-09-01T00:00:00Z Vidhya, M. Parveen Banu, K. http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/68386 2026-09-03T11:53:09Z 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Wicking dynamics of single jersey knits produced with cotton–polyester core-spun yarns: part I Authors: Vidhya, M.; Parveen Banu, K. Abstract: This research investigates the effects of core–sheath ratio, yarn twist, and loop length on the wicking performance of single jersey knitted fabrics manufactured from cotton–polyester core-spun yarns with compositions of 100:0, 80:20, and 60:40. A Box–Behnken experimental design combined with linear regression analysis was employed to evaluate the influence of these parameters. The results demonstrate that all three variables significantly affect the wicking behavior of the fabrics. Wicking rates were consistently higher in the wale-wise direction than in the course-wise direction. Increased polyester content in the yarn core resulted in reduced wickability, while higher twist levels similarly led to a decline in wicking rate. The use of cotton–polyester core-spun yarns, which enable a functional separation of hydrophilic (cotton sheath) and hydrophobic (polyester core) components within a single yarn, allowing more precise control and analysis of wicking behavior than conventional blended yarns. Page(s): 342-348

2026-09-01T00:00:00Z Jagatheesan, Krishnasamy http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/68385 2026-09-03T11:53:17Z 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Development of Hemp/PLA based sustainable headliner for automotive interiors Authors: Jagatheesan, Krishnasamy Abstract: This study developed a sustainable automotive headliner using a hemp/PLA composite as the headliner board and an r-PET (recycled polyester) fibrous nonwoven mat as a foam replacement. The layers were joined with specialized headliner adhesives and evaluated for thermal and sound insulation properties. Hemp fibers were cut to 50 mm lengths to form a fiber mat. The composite was fabricated by stacking PLA films and hemp fiber web, then consolidating to 4 mm thickness via compression molding at elevated temperature. Composites with hemp fiber weight fractions of 40%, 50%, and 60% were prepared and tested for mechanical properties. Thermal bonded r-PET/low-melt polyester nonwoven fabrics with three areal densities were produced from blended webs. The complete headliner, assembled by laminating the hemp/PLA composite, nonwoven fabric, and knitted inner layer using adhesives, exhibited promising thermal and sound insulation. It offers potential as a foam-free alternative for automotive headliners. Page(s): 349-357

2026-09-01T00:00:00Z Atav, R Soysal, S Yıldız, F http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/68384 2026-09-03T11:53:26Z 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Single bath two-step dyeing of 50/50 acrylic/cotton blends: an industrial scale investigation Authors: Atav, R; Soysal, S; Yıldız, F Abstract: Although one-bath dyeing of acrylic/cotton blend fabrics has been investigated at laboratory scale, its industrial application remains poorly understood. This study provides mechanistic insights into dye-fibre interactions, pH and ionic effects, and efficiency limitations, defining the operational boundaries for industrial implementation. Laboratory-scale trials were conducted for one-bath two-step dyeing of acrylic/cotton blends, followed by industrial-scale trials. Results reveal that light- and medium-shade fabrics achieve satisfactory fastness and levelness, whereas dark shades exhibit substantial fastness deterioration under industrial conditions due primarily to uncontrolled dye interactions and insufficient reductive clearing. Experiments, performed by dyeing acrylic first and cotton second without draining the bath, gave successful results in lightmedium shades, demonstrating the conditions under which one-bath two-step dyeing is feasible. These findings provide a framework for industrial process decision-making rather than a universally applicable dyeing method. Page(s): 358-368

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