http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/63129 2026-10-09T15:09:18Z 2026-10-09T15:09:18Z Mathur, Manish Mathur, Preet http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/63138 2024-01-02T05:45:28Z 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Ecological Niche Modelling of an Industrially Important Mushroom - Ganoderma lucidum (Leys.) Karsten: A Machine Learning Global Appraisal Authors: Mathur, Manish; Mathur, Preet Abstract: Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) involves utilizing observations of a given species and its surrounding environment to produce a sound approximation of the species' potential distribution. The intricate relationships between organisms and their surroundings, coupled with the profusion of data, have captured the attention of ecologists and statisticians alike. Consequently, they have directed their efforts towards exploring the potential of machine learning techniques. Our study employs an ensemble machine learning approach to simulate the global ecological niche modelling of Ganoderma lucidum fungus. This involves the utilization of various environmental predictors and the averaging of multiple algorithms to achieve a comprehensive analysis. 563 spatially thinned presence points of G. lucidum were projected with three bio-climatic time frames, namely current, 2050, and 2070, and four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), namely 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5, as well as non-climatic variables (surface soil features, land use, rooting depth and water storage capacity at rooting zone). We observed excellent model qualities as the Area Under the receiver operating Curve (AUC) approached 0.90. Random Forest was identified as the best individual algorithm, while the Maxent entropy was identified as the least effective for Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) of G. lucidum. Globally, under the current bio-climatic and non-bioclimatic projection, optimum habitat for this fungus covers 12510876.3 km2 area while, maximum area (13248546.9 Sq. km.) under this habitat class with future projections was recorded with RCP of 8.5 in 2070. The primary determinants of its current global distribution were ecosystem rooting depth, water storage capacity, and precipitation seasonality. While, with two future bioclimatic time frames and RCPs, Isothermality was identified as the most influential predictor. Based on our assessment, it has been determined that this particular fungus is exhibiting a persistent pattern of proliferation across the regions of Europe, America, and certain areas of India. The present investigation sought to underscore the importance of discerning the native habitats of this species, taking into account both current and anticipated climatic shifts. This knowledge is essential for effectively coordinating the artificial cultivation and natural harvesting of G. lucidum, which is necessary to meet the ever-increasing industrial demands. Page(s): 1231-1249

2023-12-01T00:00:00Z Kumar, Manoj Pradhan, Subhalaxmi http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/63137 2023-12-29T12:19:15Z 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Method Developments and Validation of Atorvastatin and Clopidogrel in Tablet dosage form by Miceller Liquid Chromatography Authors: Kumar, Manoj; Pradhan, Subhalaxmi Abstract: To avoid heart attacks and strokes, a combination of atorvastatin and clopidogrel is used. A cholesterol-producing enzyme is inhibited by the lipid-lowering medication atorvastatin. Atorvastatin helps in reducing the level of bad cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and increasing good cholesterol level, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) in our body. An antiplatelet drug called clopidogrel reduces the risk of dangerous blood clots by preventing platelets from adhering to one another. A novel, straightforward, and precise approach was used to estimate atorvastatin and clopidogrel quantitatively in tablet formulation by Micellar Liquid Chromatography (MLC). The MLC is a green and eco-friendly technique in Chromatography where surfactant solutions played the role as the eluent above the Critical Miceller Concentration (CMC).The separation of drug formulation was carried out by Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) using a Deoxyprobe C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase that contained 0.12M SDS and 10% Propanol-2 at a pH 3.7 maintained by o-Phosphoric Acid. The separation was performed at room temperature with an elution rate of 1.1mL/minat 220 nm. The retention time of atorvastatin is 2.3 while that of clopidogrel is 3.9 min. According to the schedule V of the drug and Cosmetic Act, the percentage composition of the sample under analysis ranged from 90 to 110%. The suggested procedure was in agreement with ICH requirements. In addition, the method was easy to use, affordable, safe, and non-harmful to the environment. It can be used for repetitive measurable estimation of atorvastatin and clopidogrel in tablets. Page(s): 1250-1256

2023-12-01T00:00:00Z Biswas, Kushalindu Kumar, Manish Karim, Adnan Asad Maurya, Sonu Ray, Arati Nabin Kumar Dhal http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/63136 2023-12-29T12:19:06Z 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Comparative Characteristics and Potassium-Sulfur Release Behavior of Paddy Straw versus Banana Peduncle based Composite Biochar Produced by Co-pyrolysis with Phosphogypsum Authors: Biswas, Kushalindu; Kumar, Manish; Karim, Adnan Asad; Maurya, Sonu; Ray, Arati; Nabin Kumar Dhal Abstract: Co-pyrolysis of phosphogypsum and banana peduncle wastes was reported for the production of potassium-sulphur rich biochar composite fertilizer. However, large quantity of paddy straw are left out and fired on agricultural sites as waste, which required investigation for its alternative utilization for production of biochar composite. From this view, present work explored production of biochar composites from paddy straw mixed with phosphogypsum (4:1 ratio) by regulated co-pyrolysis process conditions such as temperature: 700°C; heating rate: 10°C/minute and residence time: 1 h for gaining biochar composite and also comparing physico-chemical characteristics, potassium-sulphur release behavior, kinetics with respect to banana peduncle mixed with phosphogypsum. Near neutral paddy straw (7.03) and alkaline banana peduncle biomass (8.53) converted into alkaline biochar (10.20 and 10.50) and composites (9.78 and 9.69) due to pyrolysis. The paddy straw biochar and composites retained relatively more carbon (%) i.e., 45.84 and 37.28 than banana based biochar 41.01 and 25.07. The phosphogypsum utilization enhances sulfur (6.65–7.66%) and calcium content (3.85–4.33%) in biochar composite. The potassium and sulphur leaching kinetic behavior fitted well with the second order kinetic model, indicating their slow-release aspect, which can contribute for long-term phyto-availability in soils. Page(s): 1257-1265

2023-12-01T00:00:00Z Shashikumar Kumaran, G Senthil Yadav, K Raju Pandey, Meera Ramana, C Edukondalu, L Kumar, K Ashok D J, Shrinivasa http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/63135 2023-12-29T12:17:13Z 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Design and Evaluation of Rice Straw Bag Filling Machine for Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Florida) Cultivation Authors: Shashikumar; Kumaran, G Senthil; Yadav, K Raju; Pandey, Meera; Ramana, C; Edukondalu, L; Kumar, K Ashok; D J, Shrinivasa Abstract: Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) is a simple, fast, and cost-effective variety for cultivation, requiring minimal substrate preparation time and production technology when compared to other edible mushrooms. Its popularity has soared due to its exceptional culinary taste and flavor, surpassing even the well-known button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). As a result, it has become highly recognized and preferred over button mushrooms in India. However, the current manual bag filling process of wet chopped rice straw substrate for Pleurotus florida cultivation is laborious and time-consuming, with limited bagging capacity. To address this challenge, a rice straw bag filling machine was designed and developed specifically for oyster mushroom cultivation. This machine comprises a main frame, truncated conical hopper, agitator, single flight tapered end screw conveyor, tubular trough, cylindrical drum, chain and sprocket drive mechanism, and an electric motor. The successful evaluation of this machine revealed that, the maximum bagging capacity of 293 bags/h was found at screw speed of 150 rpm and 200 mm pitch length for rice straw substrate. Page(s): 1266-1274

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