http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/64038 2026-10-10T19:11:53Z 2026-10-10T19:11:53Z Saeed, Rehana Ashfaq, Maria Mumtaz, Amna http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/64055 2024-06-07T09:53:00Z 2024-06-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Ionic Interactions of NaCl in Aqueous Polyvinyl Alcohol and Cross-Linked Polyvinyl Alcohol with Glutaraldehyde Authors: Saeed, Rehana; Ashfaq, Maria; Mumtaz, Amna Abstract: Electrical conductivity serves as the primary measure for assessing electrolytic interactions in solvents. Studies on conductivity in mixed solvents offer valuable insights into solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions, as well as solvent structure. Fewer studies have explored this phenomenon in mixed solvent systems. Therefore, the current study aims to demonstrate how the addition of a cross-linking agent impacts solvent system properties through conductivity analysis. Monovalent electrolyte NaCl blend with polyvinyl alcohol as polymer in the presence of cross linking agent glutaraldehyde were prepared using solution casting technique in the temperature range of 303–318K. The conductivity of solution of NaCl were measured to evaluate limiting molar conductance (Λ°m), degree of dissociation (α), dissociation constant (Kd), walden product, and energy of activation (Ea) for transport process as a function of concentration, solvent composition and temperature. The behavior of these parameters suggests strong ion-ion interactions in solvents. These measurements had been used to study the activation parameters for association of molar concentration of NaCl in aqueous polymer and cross-linked polymer of varying proportion. The different activation parameters such as energy of activation (Ea), enthalpy of activation (ΔH*), entropy of activation (ΔS*) and the Gibbs free energy of activation (ΔG*) for NaCl were estimated and compared the result of polymeric solvent system within temperature range of 303–318K. Page(s): 589-597

2024-06-01T00:00:00Z Lalita Mahesh, Kumar M S, Alam http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/64053 2024-06-07T09:50:18Z 2024-06-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Effect of Spray Drying Parameters on Physicochemical Properties of Sand Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia L.) Powder Authors: Lalita; Mahesh, Kumar; M S, Alam Abstract: Sand pear exhibits favourable nutritional qualities; however, it faces limited consumer appeal due to its firm texture and seasonal availability in the market. Additionally, a notable amount of fresh pear produce goes to waste during harvest due to inadequate processing and value-added utilization. This study investigates the effect of inlet air temperature (170–185°C), feed flow rate (2.50–4.16 mL/min) and maltodextrin concentration (16–29%) on the physicochemical properties of spray-dried sand pear powder using RSM. Moisture content, Total Phenolic Content (TPC), solubility and hygroscopicity of powder were significantly affected by the inlet temperature and maltodextrin concentration. However, feed flow rate did not significantly affect the physicochemical properties except for TPC. As the inlet temperature increased, solubility and hygroscopicity also increased and this change was apparent at low maltodextrin concentrations for hygroscopicity. Total Soluble Solids (TSS) was highly affected by the maltodextrin concentration. The optimized conditions were obtained at an inlet air temperature of 185°C, feed flow rate of 3.12 mL/min and maltodextrin concentration of 29%. A two-tailed paired t-test showed that the modelpredicted values were not significantly different from the experimental values, indicating the suitability of the model in predicting the physicochemical properties of sand pear powder. The reconstituted juice under optimized condition had higher TSS and titratable acidity compared to fresh juice. By converting sand pear juice into powder form, its availability can be extended throughout the year. The powder can further be transformed into various ready-to-eat products, such as instant sand pear juice, bar etc. offering enhanced convenience and reduced wastage. Page(s): 598-606

2024-06-01T00:00:00Z Hemalatha, T Gopal, Ramesh Sangoju, Bhaskar http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/64051 2024-06-07T09:48:42Z 2024-06-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Experimental Study on Plastic Shrinkage of M-sand Concrete Authors: Hemalatha, T; Gopal, Ramesh; Sangoju, Bhaskar Abstract: Due to faster dwindling of river sand, nowadays, the use of alternative aggregates such as manufactured sand (M-sand) is inevitable in concrete. Though the positivity of M-sand is reported in many literature, few literature report the drawback of angular shape and gradation of the M-sand in altering the properties of cement/concrete. Especially, the properties at fresh state are affected by the size, shape and volume of the fine and coarse aggregates. The properties at fresh state include plastic shrinkage, if unattended this will lead to durability issues. Most of the studies concentrate on strength parameters and influence of M-sand on properties such as plastic shrinkage is rarely addressed. In order to consider this important property, in the present study, the influence of M-sand on plastic shrinkage is investigated. The strength and plastic shrinkage properties of various mixes with M-sand and river sand are compared. It is found that the angular shape and coarser gradation of Msand helps in reducing the plastic shrinkage compared to river sand. Further, it is found that when using M-sand as fine aggregate in the concrete, the composition of the fine and coarse aggregate is same that has positive effect on the plastic shrinkage. Hence, this study shows that M-sand can be considered as a successful alternative, not only in strength but also in controlling the plastic shrinkage. Page(s): 607-616

2024-06-01T00:00:00Z Babu, Sumit Singh, Raghuraj http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/64049 2024-06-07T09:47:00Z 2024-06-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Artificial Neural Network based Model for Reliability Assessment of Component based Software Authors: Babu, Sumit; Singh, Raghuraj Abstract: Software quality assessment during early phases of software development process is an extremely important concern of the researchers today because it identifies various aspects of quality degradation much prior to doing the actual damage to the final product quality. This also serves as the basis for improvement of the process for developing software. Software reliability is one of prime factor that affects software quality. In this paper, a model based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for the assessment of reliability of Component Based Software Systems (CBSS) has been proposed. First, a mathematical model based on formulation of software reliability in terms of the reliability factors using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is developed. Further, this model is refined by using ANN to calculate appropriate weight values reflecting true influence of reliability factors on software reliability. Model is validated by assessing the quality of 100 component based software using proposed models and an existing model. Results show a good correlation between the mathematical model and the ANN model. The proposed AHP model and ANN model achieve higher average reliability value of 0.5109 and 0.5088 respectively in comparison to the average reliability value of existing software reliability model (0.2261). Precise assessment of software reliability through the proposed models during early stages of software development helps developers to improve quality of software. Page(s): 617-626

2024-06-01T00:00:00Z