http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/65370 2026-10-05T10:48:55Z 2026-10-05T10:48:55Z Ali Benyahia, Brahim Bensedira, Sidali Salhi, Merouane Bengherbia, Nardjes http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66955 2025-12-19T09:54:07Z 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Vibrational Energy of Real Gas Molecules Impact on Calorimetric and Thermoelastic Coefficients Authors: Ali Benyahia, Brahim; Bensedira, Sidali; Salhi, Merouane; Bengherbia, Nardjes Abstract: The aim of this work is to study the effect of gaseous imperfections of real gases on both calorimetric and thermo-elastic coefficients of gases. When we find that most of studies avoid going into this subject for the difficulty and complexity of its theory, especially on real gases, the latter is distinguished from the previous perfect gases due to the intermolecular interactions and presented by Berthelot state equation, which is more accurate than other equations of state. Here, A highaccuracy framework for predicting the calorimetric and thermoelastic properties of gases is introduced, after the development of new relationships based on the theory of real gases, a new general concept valid in any circumstance or condition, particularly at high pressure- temperature. Therefore, the effects of real gases leads to deviate from the behavior of perfect gases and, therefore, the coefficients based on this theory are different from those of perfect gases. Finally, an error given by the PG compared to the RG models for each coefficient is presented. The comparison is made for the purpose of determining an application limit of the PG model. The obtained results are very satisfactory and encouraging to deepen the advanced thermodynamics at high pressure. Page(s): 1077-1087

2025-12-01T00:00:00Z Chavan, Umesh Atre, Nikita Kadam, Abhishek http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66954 2025-12-19T09:43:52Z 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Analysis of Electromagnetic Interactions of Foods in a Microwave Oven Authors: Chavan, Umesh; Atre, Nikita; Kadam, Abhishek Abstract: This study presents an electromagnetic (EM) model of food placed inside microwave ovens, aiming to optimize cooking processes by thoroughly understanding the food-microwave energy interaction. Investigated the microwave heating characteristics of three common food items: Potato, Meat, and Pizza. The analysis focused on the relationship between Microwave Power (Watts), internal Electric (E) and Magnetic (H) Fields, and Volume Loss Density (VLD). Simulations were conducted across six varying microwave power levels (1000 to 2000W) and two distinct food placement positions (center and edge). A linear correlation was observed between increasing microwave power and all measured electromagnetic and thermal parameters. Significant differences in energy coupling were found across the food types. Potato and Meat demonstrated superior heating efficiency, exhibiting VLD values up to 8.0 x 107 W/m3, compared to Pizza, which only reached 4.9 x 107 W/m3. This difference is attributed to material-specific dielectric properties, particularly high moisture content. The optimal heating position was found to be highly dependent on the food type: VLD was maximized at the center for both Meat and Potato, but maximized at the edge for Pizza. Furthermore, the position that yielded the highest or field often did not correspond to the position with the highest VLD, demonstrating that heating is a result of complex coupling. Analysis of the S11 parameter confirmed that efficient heating requires minimal reflection and good impedance matching. The findings underscore the necessity of a material-specific approach to microwave processing. We conclude that achieving uniform and efficient heating requires precise control over both microwave power and food placement, tailored to the unique dielectric properties of the item. This study provides quantitative data for optimizing power settings and food placement to enhance cooking consistency, improve food quality, and promote energy efficiency. The model holds promising implications for integrating advanced cooking control into smart kitchen appliances. Page(s): 1088-1098

2025-12-01T00:00:00Z Jolly, Ekta Kumar Sharma, Vijay Kumar Bhardwaj, Anil http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66953 2025-12-19T09:41:15Z 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Highly-Stable and Lower-Power Static Random-Access Memory Design in Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor Nanotechnology Authors: Jolly, Ekta; Kumar Sharma, Vijay; Kumar Bhardwaj, Anil Abstract: Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) technology is emerging as a potential replacement for metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) technology. CNTFET uses carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a channel, due to which CNTFET technology displays superior electrical characteristics, like increased carrier mobility, ballistic carrier transport, and adjustable threshold voltage. While working with MOSFETs, different short-channel effects (SCEs) result in the degradation of various performance parameters. The MOSFET-based static random-access memory (SRAM) faces various SCEs, leakage, and higher power consumption at smaller technology nodes. Therefore, this research work proposes a CNTFET-based SRAM cell design that utilizes a reliable leakage minimization technique (LMT) to overcome these challenges. The proposed LMT-SRAM circuit is designed for low-power, high-performance embedded memory. To design the LMT-SRAM cell, a reliable leakage minimization block is inserted between the pull-up and pull-down networks of the cross-coupled inverters, which reduces the power dissipation. CNTFETs, because of their superior electrical properties, help the proposed design to achieve improved performance metrics. The proposed LMT-SRAM circuit is simulated with the Stanford University 32nm CNTFET technology model using HSPICE for a power supply of 0.9V and at room temperature conditions. The simulation results justify that the proposed CNTFET-based LMT-SRAM cell attains 98.6% reductions in average power dissipation when compared to previous designs. The proposed design shows 91.6% faster execution while in write mode and 33.6% faster execution while in read mode. The design has also shown remarkable stability and variability during read and write operations. The butterfly and N-curve methods are used to determine static noise margin (SNM) for the proposed LMT-SRAM cell. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are performed to verify SNM stability across process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test is also performed using MATLAB to determine the normality of the dataset obtained from the MC sample run. Page(s): 1099-1114

2025-12-01T00:00:00Z Nath Sumana, Prem Nath, Vijay Kant Mishra, Gajendra http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66952 2025-12-19T09:34:41Z 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z

Title: A Compact Multiport Sensing and Communicating Antenna System for Cognitive Radio Applications Authors: Nath Sumana, Prem; Nath, Vijay; Kant Mishra, Gajendra Abstract: Efficient utilization of unlicensed radio spectrum is a significant concern in wireless communication. This manuscript proposes an antenna structure system to support secondary user (SU) functionality. The design integrates a sensing UWB antenna (3.1–11) GHz to monitor spectrum utilization by primary users (PU) and four narrow-band (NB) communication antennas, resonating at (9.66, 9.03, 5.72, 7.78, and 10.21) GHz with 75.30 % UWB spectrum utilization. The configuration supports up to four simultaneous communications with acceptable gain & isolation, validated using Ansys-HFSS and experimental results, highlighting its potential for trustworthy Cognitive Radio applications. Page(s): 1115-1122

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