http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66050 2026-10-09T23:25:47Z 2026-10-09T23:25:47Z Muskan Kumari, Sachin Singh, Sushila Shree, Bhagya Rani, Indu Manju http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66073 2025-07-06T18:38:53Z 2025-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Modified walnut shell for enhanced adsorption for methylene blue from aqueous solution: Preparation, characterisation, isotherm, kinetics and mechanism study Authors: Muskan; Kumari, Sachin; Singh, Sushila; Shree, Bhagya; Rani, Indu; Manju Abstract: Human and aquatic health is frequently at risk due to methylene blue (MB) dye pollution in aquatic environments. In order to remediate water contaminated with MB dye, a chemically modified walnut shell (CMWS) adsorbent is developed in the present study. The physico-chemical characteristics of modified walnut shell have been investigated using a variety of characterisation techniques, including pHpzc, FTIR, BET, FE-SEM, and EDS. After optimising the impact of the most important parameters, a maximum removal of 85.6% is noted at pH 6. The MB uptake by chemically modified walnut shell is explained by the multilayer layer adsorption onto energetically equivalent sorption sites. The linear Freundlich model yielded a maximal adsorptive capacity of 66.6 mg MB per g CMWS. The kinetic models also showed that the rate depends on the adsorbent's adsorptive capacity. The pseudo-second order model works well for MB adsorption and R2 >0.999. Thermodynamic studies indicated that adsorption is feasible, spontaneous and endothermic in nature. This work suggests that CMWS may be investigated further as a possible adsorbent for the removal of MB dye. Page(s): 313-323

2025-05-01T00:00:00Z Priya, S A Nevaditha, N T http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66072 2025-07-06T18:36:03Z 2025-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Multifaceted material characterization and biocompatibility evaluation of polylactic acid nanocomposites reinforced with palmyra nanofibrillated cellulose Authors: Priya, S A; Nevaditha, N T Abstract: Eco-conscious nanocomposites are developed by embedding nanofillers into biopolymeric matrices, enhancing their properties in various aspects. Polylactic acid (PLA), a naturally degradable thermoplastic derived from renewable resources, is renowned for its sustainable and eco-friendly attributes. However, despite extensive research on PLA-based nanocomposite films, there is a gap in studies exploring PLA reinforced with Palmyra nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). This study explores the incorporation of Palmyra NFC into PLA using the solution casting method to improve its thermal, mechanical, bactericidal, and biosafety properties. FTIR analysis reveals the formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl (–OH) moieties of NFC and the carbonyl (C=O) in PLA, which helps the compatibility and dispersion of the components. Thermal analysis shows 27°C increase in thermal degradation temperature compared to plain PLA. The addition of NFC increases the tensile strength and modulus of PLA nanocomposites by 68.8% and 89.4%, respectively. The antibacterial performance improves with higher NFC content, inhibiting bacterial growth more effectively than plain PLA. The hemolysis and MTT assays demonstrate good red blood cell compatibility and high cell viability, confirming the excellent biocompatibility of the 3 wt% NFC reinforced PLA nanocomposite at below 200 μg/mL concentrations. The improvements in thermal stability, mechanical strength, antibacterial properties, and biocompatibility suggest that these nanocomposites can meet the demanding requirements of biomedical materials. Page(s): 324-333

2025-05-01T00:00:00Z Kargupta, Abhijit Dutta, Kakoli Rana, Subhasis http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66071 2025-07-06T18:34:39Z 2025-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Spectrophotometric analysis of food colourants as synthetic dyes in different types of food products Authors: Kargupta, Abhijit; Dutta, Kakoli; Rana, Subhasis Abstract: The present objective is to detect three food colourants (FCs) viz. Sunset Yellow, Tartrazine and Allura Red in the commonly consumed beverages and foods with the help of spectrophotometric analysis. Moreover, water and ethanol reference indicated that yellow coloured soft drink containing Tartrazine and orange coloured energy drink containing Sunset Yellow have similar absorbance (290 and 479 nm). Pinkish red coloured energy drink and fruit juice containing Allura Red (510 and 505 nm) have similar absorbance (300 nm) for both solvent, same absorbance for deep yellow coloured food as powder form containing Tartrazine (300 nm), grey coloured and light brown dry food containing Allura red (310 and 300 nm), yellow and light-yellow coloured soft drinks containing Tartrazine has similar absorbance (440 and 470 nm) for both solvents. The mixture of synthetic dye, deep red coloured containing Tartrazine, Sunset Yellow and Allura red shows absorbance at 480 nm. In conclusion, the concentration of these three FCs is easily detected through time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis, which could be suitable measurement to detect the presence of dyes in the food products prior to quantitative assessment for food industry. Page(s): 334-342

2025-05-01T00:00:00Z Vyas, Manjary Bhandari, Kriti Sharma, Jaigopal http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66070 2025-07-06T18:33:05Z 2025-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Optimization, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of Lemna minor using amylolytic cocktail produce from copra meal Authors: Vyas, Manjary; Bhandari, Kriti; Sharma, Jaigopal Abstract: Ethanol, is a renewable liquid fuel derived from the fermentation of sugars or starches in biomass. Amylase is commonly used enzyme to saccharify the raw plant biomass. Optimization of saccharification and fermentation of duckweed (Lemna minor) plays a crucial role in harnessing maximum fermentable sugars through enzymatic hydrolysis of this plant biomass. This research mainly entailed the collection and preparation of raw materials, maintenance of microorganisms, and optimization of physical and chemical variables for the production of amylolytic cocktail and ethanol. OFAT determined the significant components that influenced the yield of enzymatic activity and ethanol. RSM with CCD was used to determine the influences between factors to obtain the highest yields of enzymes and ethanol. ANOVA was done to examine the significance of factor interactions while response surface plots showed how different factors affected enzyme reaction. Aspergillus niger MTCC-12987, Saccharomyces cereviceae MTCC-171, and Candida shehatae MTCC-12913 were used for amylolytic cocktail and ethanol production, respectively. Minitab 22 software was employed and response surface regression with Central composite design was used to exmined an optimized process for maximum yield of enzyme activity and ethanol production. The highest enzyme activity value predicted by the software is 1063.81 U/mL, which was closer to the experimental value of 1072.4 U/mL. Again the maximum ethanol production predicted by software is 11.83% was closer to the experimental value of 12.1% . Thus, the conformation experiment's performance under optimal conditions fitted the model's predictions fairly closely. For the purpose of to evaluate the combined effects of all independent variables in a fermentation process that may have developed from their interaction with one another, the RSM methodology has been employed as an alternative tool for statistical analysis. Page(s): 343-354

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