http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/68332 2026-10-12T05:34:43Z 2026-10-12T05:34:43Z Kumar Pandey, Sanjay Tilkar, Mahendra Tiwari, Atul Sinha, Vibha Shukla, Dhananjay Pandey, Sweta http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/68342 2026-08-31T06:22:02Z 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Obese adolescents in central India: genetic insights into early risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease Authors: Kumar Pandey, Sanjay; Tilkar, Mahendra; Tiwari, Atul; Sinha, Vibha; Shukla, Dhananjay; Pandey, Sweta Abstract: Obesity in adolescents is a growing public health concern, contributing to early onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. The present study evaluated anthropometric indices [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), neck circumference (NC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)] in relation to lipid and hormonal profiles [triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), HbA1c]. Genetic polymorphisms including CAPN10 rs3792267, KCNJ11 rs5219, PPAR-γ Pro12Ala, and variants in apolipoproteins (ApoA1, ApoE, ApoB, ApoCIII) were analysed to assess their contribution to obesity and metabolic risk. Significant associations were observed between anthropometric measures and lipid parameters, underlining the predictive value of simple indices for dyslipidaemia in adolescents. However, no correlation was found between HbA1c levels and obesity. Furthermore, genetic polymorphisms studied did not show significant association with obesity susceptibility or insulin secretion. Although apolipoprotein gene variants contributed to understanding lipid metabolism, no significant differences in genotype frequencies were detected between cases and controls. These findings highlight the importance of early identification of lipid abnormalities in obese adolescents, while suggesting a limited role of the selected genetic variants in this cohort. Page(s): 799-806

2026-09-01T00:00:00Z Beyazcicek, Ersin Beyazcicek, Ozge Gok, Ali Tekbas, Murat Demir, Serif http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/68341 2026-08-31T06:17:11Z 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Investigation of the effects of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG administration on metabolic hormones in rats Authors: Beyazcicek, Ersin; Beyazcicek, Ozge; Gok, Ali; Tekbas, Murat; Demir, Serif Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), as a probiotic, administration on insulin (INS), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), growth hormone (GH), ghrelin (GHRL), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) levels, as well as glucose metabolism in rats. For the experiment of this study, 21 male Wistar rats were categorized into three groups. These groups were the control group (CONT), the group administered LGG for 4 weeks (LGG4), and the group treated with LGG for 10 weeks (LGG10). The LGG groups were administered orally by gavage at a dose of 1x10¹⁰ CFU/mL daily to the rats. Following the completion of the experiments, blood samples were collected to detect the levels of metabolic hormones via ELISA, and glucose levels were determined through standard biochemical analysis. The administration of LGG significantly increased levels of GH, INS, IGF-1, GLP-1, GIP, HSL, and GHRL. Conversely, the LGG decreased glucose levels. However, the increase in GHRL was greater in the LGG4 group. These findings suggest that LGG may act as a potential metabolic regulator in the modulation of glucose homeostasis and metabolic hormone profiles Page(s): 807-814

2026-09-01T00:00:00Z K Pathak, Satish Rajaraviteja, E Marandi, Santosh Mahapatra, Archana Kumar Tripathi, Utkarsh http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/68340 2026-08-31T06:14:09Z 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Insemination-driven epithelial remodeling and TLR4-mediated immune activation underlie sperm storage tubule maturation in young female kadaknath chickens Authors: K Pathak, Satish; Rajaraviteja, E; Marandi, Santosh; Mahapatra, Archana; Kumar Tripathi, Utkarsh Abstract: Long-term sperm storage in the avian utero-vaginal junction (UVJ) is essential for reproductive efficiency, yet the developmental status of sperm storage tubules (SSTs) and their immunological regulation in young laying hens remains poorly understood. This study examined whether SSTs are functionally competent prior to insemination and how insemination influences their maturation in the indigenous Kadaknath chicken breed. Forty, six-month-old with no prior exposure to natural mating or artificial insemination hens were assigned to either non-inseminated controls or artificially inseminated groups. UVJ tissues were collected at 0, 1, 6, and 20 hours post-insemination and analyzed using histological and immunohistochemical techniques, with a focus on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression. In non-inseminated hens, SSTs were sparse, structurally immature, and indicative of a non-functional state. Artificial insemination induced a highly organized, epithelial remodelling process involving invagination of ciliated mucosal folds, gradual loss of cilia, SST separation, lumen formation, and eventual establishment of mature, non-ciliated SSTs. Concomitantly, insemination led to a marked upregulation of TLR4 expression in the UVJ mucosa, whereas negligible expression was observed in non-inseminated hens. This insemination-dependent activation of innate immune signalling highlights a coordinated interaction between epithelial differentiation and immune responsiveness during SST maturation. Overall, the findings demonstrate that SSTs in young Kadaknath hens are developmentally primed but require insemination as a physiological trigger for structural and immunological maturation, offering valuable insights for fertility management and conservation of indigenous poultry breeds Page(s): 815-822

2026-09-01T00:00:00Z Agrawal, Priya Kumar Singh, Ajeet http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/68339 2026-08-31T06:11:22Z 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Alterations in the activity and isozyme profile of enzymatic stress markers along with histological changes due to lead exposure in Labeo rohita Authors: Agrawal, Priya; Kumar Singh, Ajeet Abstract: The present study examines the effects of two concentrations of lead acetate (Pb3: 3 mg/L and Pb6: 6 mg/L) on the vital tissues of Labeo rohita after 96 hours of exposure. The study focuses on alteration in isozyme profile of enzymatic markers of oxidative stress such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and tissue damage indicator such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Oxidative stress was measured through lipid peroxidation analysis, and corresponding histopathological changes were examined by haematoxylin-eosin staining. In-gel assays detected a single isozyme of CAT in the liver and gill, and GPx in the liver and brain. Four distinct SOD isozymes were detected in the liver and gill, while only two isozymes were found in the brain. Inhibitor assays indicated that the isoform closest to the cathode was Mn-SOD, with the remaining isozymes identified as Cu/Zn-SOD. A total of five LDH isozymes (LDH1 to LDH5) were expressed in the liver, single isozyme in the gill and brain. The isozyme profiles and activities of these enzymes were altered in a tissue-specific manner following lead exposure. Specifically, in the liver, total activities of SOD, GPx and LDH increased, whereas CAT activity decreased in both Pb3 and Pb6-treated groups compared to controls. In the gills, SOD, CAT, and LDH activities were elevated in both lead treatment groups; however, GPx activity was undetectable. In the brain, SOD and GPx activities increased, LDH activity remained unchanged, and CAT activity was not detected in either treatment group. Lipid peroxidation levels were significantly elevated in all tissues in a dose-dependent manner compared to controls. Histopathological examination in tissues revealed degenerative alterations such as vacuolization, necrosis, epithelial hyperplasia and neuronal degeneration in dose dependent manner. The findings demonstrate that lead induced oxidative stress elicits tissue and isozyme-specific antioxidant responses and associated histopathological damage in Labeo rohita. These results may contribute to a molecular-level understanding which may help the advancement of aquaculture strategies in environmentally contaminated settings. Page(s): 823-834

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