NOPR Collection:

Phytochemical investigation and evaluation of anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of essential oil of Strobilanthus ixiocephala Benth.

2003-08-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Phytochemical investigation and evaluation of anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of essential oil of Strobilanthus ixiocephala Benth. Authors: Agarwal, Ramesh B; Rangari, Vinod D Abstract: Column chromatographic fractionation of essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the flowering tops of S.ixiocephala resulted in the isolation of β-caryophyllene, fenchyl acetate, T-cadinol and a new sesquiterpene alcohol for which a name ixiocephol has been proposed. The β-caryophyllene and fenchyl acetate were identified by Co-TLC with authentic samples whereas T-cadinol and ixiocephol were structurally elucidated by UV, IR,¹H NMR,¹³C NMR and Mass spectral data. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil has also revealed the presence of various monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids. The essential oil of S. ixiocephala demonstrated a dose dependant anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema. It has also revealed good activity in cotton pellet granuloma and adjuvant induced arthritis model in rats. Page(s): 890-894

Isolation of etiological agent of hydropericardium syndrome in chicken embryo liver cell culture and its serological characterization

2003-08-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Isolation of etiological agent of hydropericardium syndrome in chicken embryo liver cell culture and its serological characterization Authors: Kumar, Rajesh; Chandra, Rajesh; Shukla, S K Abstract: The virus causing hydropericardium syndrome was isolated in chicken embryo liver (CEL) cell culture from livers obtained from naturally infected broilers. The cytopathic effects characterized by rounding and degeneration of cells were visible 36 hr post infection in first passage. At 4^th passage level, the infectivity titre was 5.24 log_1o TCID₅₀/ml. In May-Grunwald and Giemsa stained cells, basophilic intranuclear inclusions (' bird eye' inclusion), typical of aviadenovirus infection, were observed. The specificity of inclusion was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence. Various serological tests, such as agar gel precipitation test, counter immuno electrophoresis, micro serum neutralization test and enzyme linked immunosurbent assay were also standardized to confirm the isolation of etiological agent of hydropericardium syndrome in CEL cell culture and to diagnose the disease in poultry. Page(s): 821-826

Interrenal responses to high ambient temperature in soft-shelled turtle, Lissemys punctata punctata

2003-08-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Interrenal responses to high ambient temperature in soft-shelled turtle, Lissemys punctata punctata Authors: Ray, Prajna Paramita; Maiti, B R Abstract: An exposure to ambient temperature of 25°C had no perceptible effect on interrenal function but further increase of temperature to 35°C caused nuclear hypertrophy with increase of nuclear diameter. RNA concentration, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase activities, accompanied by quantitative depletions of cholesterol (free esterified and total) and ascorbic acid levels in the interrenal gland of the soft -shelled turtle Lissemys p. punctata. Similar manifestations of , stimulation, except in the nucleus, were marked after exposure to 38°C, but the degree of response in respect of esterified and free cholestrol levels was higher at 38°C than at 35°C. Moreover, withdrawal of 38°C temperature and subsequently maintaining at 25°C for 15 days showed reverse manifestations to those of 35°C/38°C, leading to a tendency towards normalcy. It is suggested that high a ambient temperature of 35°C significantly stimulates interrenal function of Lissemys turtles, but further increase of 38°C does not cause further overall stimulation, and withdrawal of higher temperature (38°C) shows a tendency towards normalcy. It is also suggested that (a) high ambient temperature causes thermal stress, (b) it is reversible and (c) it acts on interrenal activity presumably via CRF-ACTH-axis in turtles. Page(s): 880-884

Inhibition of membrane Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase of the brain, liver and RBC in rats administered di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) a plasticizer used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blood storage bags

2003-08-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Inhibition of membrane Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase of the brain, liver and RBC in rats administered di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) a plasticizer used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blood storage bags Authors: Dhanya, C R; Indu, A R; Deepadevi, K V; Kurup, P A Abstract: Significant amounts of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) leach out into blood stored in DEHP plasticized poly vinyl chloride (PVC) bags resulting in the exposure of recipients of blood transfusion to this compound. The aim of this stud y was to find out whether DEHP at these low levels has any effect on the activity of membrane Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase, since a decrease in this enzyme activity has been reported to take place in a number of disorders like neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, coronary artery disease and stroke, syndrome-X, tumours etc. DEHP was administered (ip) at a low dose of 750μg/100 g body weight to rats and the activity of membrane Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase in liver, brain and RBC was estimated. Histopathology of brain, activity of HMG CoA reductase (a major rate limiting enzyme in the isoprenoid pathway of which digoxin, the physiological inhibitor of Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase is a product), intracellular concentration of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in RBC (which is altered as a result of inhibition of Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase) were also studied. (In the light of the observation of increase of intracellular Ca²⁺ load and intracellular depletion of Mg²⁺ when Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase is inhibited). Histopathology of brain revealed areas of degeneration in the rats administered DEHP. There was significant inhibition of membrane Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase in brain, liver and RBC. Intracellular Ca²⁺ increased in the RBC while in tracellular Mg²⁺ decreased. However activity of hepatic HMG CoA reductase decreased. Activity of Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase and HMG CoA reductase, however returned to normal levels within 7 days of stopping administration of DEHP. The inhibition of membrane Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase activity by DEHP may indicate the possibility of predisposing recipients of transfusion of blood or hemodialysis to the various disorders mentioned above. However since this effect is reversed when DEHP administration is stopped, it may not be a serious problem in the ca se of a few transfusion; but in patients receiving repeated blood transfusion as in thalassemia patients or patients undergoing hemodialysis, possibility of this risk has to be considered. This inhibition is a direct effect of DEHP or its metabolites, since activity of HMG CoA reductase, (an enzyme which catalyses a major rate limiting step in the isoprenoid pathway by which digoxin, the phys iological inhibitor of Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase is synthesized) showed a decrease. Page(s): 814-820

NOPR Collection:

Phytochemical investigation and evaluation of anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of essential oil of Strobilanthus ixiocephala Benth.

Isolation of etiological agent of hydropericardium syndrome in chicken embryo liver cell culture and its serological characterization

Interrenal responses to high ambient temperature in soft-shelled turtle, Lissemys punctata punctata

Inhibition of membrane Na+-K+ ATPase of the brain, liver and RBC in rats administered di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) a plasticizer used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blood storage bags

Inhibition of membrane Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase of the brain, liver and RBC in rats administered di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) a plasticizer used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blood storage bags