NOPR Collection:

Industrial Enzymes - Present status and future perspectives for India

2013-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Industrial Enzymes - Present status and future perspectives for India Authors: Binod, Parameswaran; Palkhiwala, Piyush; Gaikaiwari, Raghavendra; Nampoothiri, K Madhavan; Duggal, Arvind; Dey, Kakali; Pandey, Ashok Abstract: Enzyme technology is a well established branch of the biochemical science which is going through a phase of maturation as well as evolution. The maturation is shown by the development of the theory, their function and through the formation and configuration of their three-dimension structure, in this era of global industrialization. A better understanding enzymes and their functional significance suggests many novel applications for these catalytic activities and for continual discovery with novel properties by R&D. They are being used on an industrial and research scale for the variety of reactions catalyzed with environmental conditions. This is just the start of the industrial enzyme era which is preparing itself to put known enzymes to novel uses and novel enzymes, discovered or tailored, to catalyze unexploited reactions. As the demand is for cleaner and greener technology to preserve our mother earth for our descendant, the use of enzymes that can replace harmful chemical reactions are extremely importance and most of the current R&D on enzymes is directed towards this issue. Similarly use of enzymes in extreme harsh conditions such as high and low temperatures and pH are also more prevalent. Hence the evaluation of present R&D directions on industrial enzymes seems to be important and this paper assesses the status of industrial enzyme research globally as well as in Indian context with use in various industries, it application, the present status of R&D and commercialization. Since enzymes are now widely used in biotransformation and considering the importance of enzymes in the synthesis of chiral molecules of pharmaceutical importance, a separate section on enzymes involved in biotransformation are also reviewed in detail. This study is based on the search from scientific databases such as SciVerse Scopus, Google, other web sources, etc. Page(s): 271-286

An approach to data Aggregation in wireless sensor network using Voronoi fuzzy clustering algorithm

2013-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: An approach to data Aggregation in wireless sensor network using Voronoi fuzzy clustering algorithm Authors: Nithyakalyani, S.; Kumar, S.Suresh Abstract: Data collected through any sensor are needed to be processed for gaining some useful information. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a subclass of sensor node which is evolving as an astonishing technique in wireless communication technology for monitoring large application domains such as weather forecasting, military surveillance, medical diagnosis, fire detection alarming systems, etc. Each sensor will not be able to process itself due to the primary issue of energy (battery power) curb in WSN. Still many investigators desire to find a solution to improve the lifespan of WSN. The best way is to select an optimum head node for data aggregation to reduce the energy of data transmission for the reason that energy required for computing is more than for data transmission. This prototype shifts the attention from the outmoded address-centric approaches to data-centric approach. Data centric techniques like data aggregation via energy efficient fuzzy clustering algorithm based on Voronoi diagram is proposed in this paper. The proposed novel algorithm is a combination of Voronoi and modified Fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm called as Voronoi Fuzzy (VF) algorithm.Cluster head (CH) for VF clustering algorithm is nominated by considering node's residual energy, distance between CH and its neighbor’s sensor node and Quality of service. Furthermore, data aggregation is employed in each cluster’s CH to reduce the amount of data transmission which effectively extends the network lifetime. Simulation result reveals that this method achieves agreeable performance in extending the network lifetime compared to the existing ones. Page(s): 287-293

Bioactivity guided extraction of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. ssp. turkestanica) leaves

2013-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Bioactivity guided extraction of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. ssp. turkestanica) leaves Authors: Kumar, Singh Amrit; Paul, Attrey Dharam; Tanveer, Naved Abstract: This study represents antioxidant (DPPH scavenging) activity guided extraction of Seabuckthorn (SBT) leaves and its correlation with total phenol content. 75% ethanolic and acetone extracts showed significantly higher antioxidant activity and total phenol content in comparison with other solvent extracts. Phenol contents correlated well (R2 = 0.952) with the antioxidant activities. It suggests that these phenolic compounds are responsible, at least in part, for the antioxidant activities observed. HPLC analysis also appears to support the correlation of total phenol content and antioxidant activity. Page(s): 307-311

Efficient feature point detection in CT images using Discrete Curvelet Transform

2013-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Efficient feature point detection in CT images using Discrete Curvelet Transform Authors: Menaka, R; Chellamuthu, C; Karthik, R Abstract: In this work, a multi-scale feature point detection algorithm in CT slices based on discrete curvelet transform is presented. Discrete curvelet transformation is applied to input CT slices and the behavior of curvelet coefficients in all the scales are examined. The information in the fine and detail levels which contains the edge and singularity details are processed to extract the feature points. Performance comparison is made against wavelet and canny edge detectors based on SSIM index. Page(s): 312-315