http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/17491 2026-10-10T20:39:33Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/17704 Title: Treatment of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent by 4-Chlorosalicylic Acid-degrading Microbial Community for Analysis of Toxicity of Seedlings Authors: Ramanan, V Venkat; Thakur, Indu Shekhar Abstract: A microbial community utilizing 4-chlorosalicylic acid as sole source of carbon and energy was enriched in the chemostat. The bacterial community contained four different isolates characterized on the basis of morphological properties of the colonies. The isolates were identified as <i>Klebsiella </i>sp. (one isolate) and <i>Pseudomonas </i>sp. (three isolates). The bacterial community was applied for the treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent in fixed film bioreaetor containing soil, sand, and gravel at the bottom of the reactor for immobilization of bacterial biomass. The community exhibited significant reduction in colour (80 per cent), phenol (67 per cent), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) (70 percent) and lignin content (41 per cent) after treatment of 15d. The effluent treated by microbial community was applied for the germination of seeds of paddy and wheat and growth of seedling, exhibited significant reduction in toxicity of contaminant present in effluent. Page(s): 302-308 2002-04-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/17703 Title: Studies on Cost Reduction of Ivory Base Paper Without Affecting Quality Authors: Dutt, Dharm; Upadhyaya, J S; Tyagi, C H; Jindal, A K Abstract: Globalisation has compelled the Indian pulp and paper industry to improve the product quality with cost reduction to survive in a globally competitive market, the best possible alternative for their survival is to reduce the product ion cost by augmenting the activities through in-house R&D. With this background the cost reduction aspects of Ivory base paper used in decorative laminates were studied. Titanium dioxide filler due to its very small particle size passes among the cellulosic fibres and comes in to the white water. A simple remedy to overcome this problem is to use retention aids; yet due to the agglomeration of titanium dioxide particles the light scattering efficiency of TiO₂decreases. Further, during saturation steps with melamine formaldehyde the air in the voids is replaced by melamine formaldehyde while the refractive index sharply decreases and becomes equal to the refractive index of cellulose. As a result the sheet becomes transparent and sun-mica- a decorative laminate poses `see through' problem. This problem may be bridged over by replacing expensive TiO₂ with aluminum tri-hydroxide (ATH). ATH not only improves the TiO₂ retention in wet web but also reduces the manufacturing cost. Page(s): 294-301 2002-04-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/17702 Title: Distribution of Hydroxy Succinic Acid Between Water and Organic Solutions of Aliphatic Tertiary Amines Authors: Inci, Ismail Abstract: The extraction of hydroxy succinic acid from an aqueous solutions into solutions of tri-<i>n</i>-octylamine and Alamine 336 in single solvents are hexane, cyclohexane, isooctane, toluene, and methylisobutyl ketone (MIBK) is investigated. Formation of acid amine complexes is a dominating factor in the system under consideration. Diluents are chosen from different chemical classes - polar and nonpolar- so as to examine the effect of diluents complex interactions. The distribution coefficients and loading factors are calculated and interpreted from experimental results. Page(s): 289-293 2002-04-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/17701 Title: Recycling of After-Extraction-Residues and Flyash through Composting for Amelioration of Alkaline Soil^# Authors: Kumbhar, P P; Patil, Y M; Chavan, C D; Kulkarni, M V Abstract: A study on applications of after-extraction-residues (AER) and flyash in soil amendments in alkaline as well as in normal (fertile) soils was carried out after preparation of various composts. The compost containing AER was found to be rich in nitrogen content followed by compost containing flyash. The former compost exhibited better crop performance in alkaline soil with respect to rate of germination, growth of seedlings, weight of crop and chlorophyll contents of test plant <i>(Triticum aestivum, </i>wheat). Thus, recycling of agro-waste and industrial waste could be used individually as well as together after proper compost treatments for soil amendment through economic and eco-friendly approach. Amelioration of alkaline soil which was found to be possible by this method, thereby opening new way for meaningful utilization of agricultural and industrial waste commercially. Page(s): 286-288 2002-04-01T00:00:00Z