NOPR Collection:

Genetic fidelity assessment of micropropagated Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. by RAPD and ISSR markers assay

2014-04-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Genetic fidelity assessment of micropropagated Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. by RAPD and ISSR markers assay Authors: Yadav, Kuldeep; Kumar, Sunil; Singh, Narender Abstract: Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers were employed to assess the genetic stability of Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr., plants multiplied through axillary bud multiplication with up to 20 in vitro subcultures. The micropropagated plants were hardened with treatment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), namely, Glomus mosseae, as biohardening agents to improve their survival and growth. During the study, a total of 50 (30 RAPD & 20 ISSR) primers were screened. Of which 19 RAPD and 12 ISSR primers produced a total of 129 (81 RAPD & 48 ISSR) clear, distinct and reproducible amplicons. The amplification products were monomorphic across all the selected micropropagated plants and were similar to the mother plant. These results indicate that the micropropagation protocol developed for rapid in vitro multiplication of S. acmella is appropriate for its clonal propagation. The outcome supports the fact that axillary bud multiplication can also be used as one of the safest modes for the production of true-to-type plants. Page(s): 274-277

In vitro multiplication of Thunia marshalliana Rcbh. f. through mature seeds and pseudonodes

2014-04-01T00:00:00Z

Title: In vitro multiplication of Thunia marshalliana Rcbh. f. through mature seeds and pseudonodes Authors: Singh, Madhulika; Kumaria, Suman; Tandon, Pramod Abstract: The present paper describes the germination of mature embryo (~seed), seedling development, and in vitro shoot induction and plant regeneration from pseudonode explants of an endangered ornamental orchid, Thunia marshalliana Rcbh. f. The observations on efficacy of nutrient medium composition on in vitro embryo germination and early seedling development demonstrated that nitrogen in any form induced germination and the presence of both organic and inorganic nitrogen into the medium enhanced both germination and seedling development. The modified MS medium having 10% coconut water was found to be the best for germination. Addition of cytokinin did not favour protocorm formation and seedling development. However, multiple shoots were induced directly from the pseudonode explants cultured on MS medium containing different concentrations of 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) and kinetin (Kn). Amongst the two cytokinins (BAP & Kn) tested, BAP was more effective for direct shoot induction from the pseudonode explants as compared to Kn. The optimal response was observed at 22.0 µM BAP, which induced 3.67 shoots per explant in 3 wk of culture initiation. These shoots (73%) were rooted on their transfer to MS medium. Both the seedlings and rooted shoots were successfully transplanted to plastic pots filled with cow dung, moss, brick pieces and charcoal mixture in equal ratio. Page(s): 268-273

Direct and callus mediated regeneration from nodal and internodal segments of Crataeva religiosa G. Forst. var. nurvala (Buch.-Ham.) Hook. f. & Thomson

2014-04-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Direct and callus mediated regeneration from nodal and internodal segments of Crataeva religiosa G. Forst. var. nurvala (Buch.-Ham.) Hook. f. & Thomson Authors: Prakash, Anand; Kumari, Sanju; Utkarshini; Sinha, Kanak; Kumar, Santosh Abstract: Crataeva religiosa G. Forst. var. nurvala (Buch.-Ham.) Hook. F. & Thomson (syn. Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham.), a fast growing medicinal tree species, has been successfully micropropagated under in vitro conditions. Direct multiple shoots were regenerated from nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium, solidified by agar and supplemented with 1 mg/L 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/L α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). However, the successful regeneration from internodal callus was achieved on 2.0 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L NAA. The frequency of in vitro multiplication from culture of nodal segments was higher compared to that of callus mediated regeneration from culture of internodal segments. Further, the best rhizogenesis was achieved on solidified MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Page(s): 263-267

Induction of in vitro microrhizomes using silver nitrate in Zingiber officinale Rosc. var. Baishey and Nadia

2014-04-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Induction of in vitro microrhizomes using silver nitrate in Zingiber officinale Rosc. var. Baishey and Nadia Authors: Singh, Thingbaijam Dikash; Chakpram, Lalleima; Devi, Huidrom Sunitibala Abstract: An improved and high frequency in vitro microrhizome induction system has been developed in two varieties of Zingiber officinale Rosc., viz., ‘Baishey’ and ‘Nadia’. The influence of plant growth regulators, sucrose concentration, type of culture vessel and presence or absence of silver nitrate on microrhizome production was investigated. Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg L^-¹ 6-benzylaminopurine, 1 mg L^-¹ α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 8 g L^-¹ sucrose with the presence of 11 µM silver nitrate was found suitable for high frequency in vitro microrhizome production. Silver nitrate enriched culture medium showed remarkable increase in the number of in vitro microrhizome production per vessel (Baishey, 28.20±0.08 & Nadia, 27.25±0.10). The present study emphasized the role of silver nitrate and different culture vessels in the development of in vitro microrhizome within short period of time. Among the different culture vessels examined, growtek showed the highest average number of microrhizome (Baishey, 34.25±.09 & Nadia, 38.25±.09) production in both the varieties of ginger within 35 to 45 d of incubation. About 90% of Baishey and 93% of Nadia plantlets with silver nitrate and 75-85% plantlets without silver nitrate treatment in both the varieties survived during acclimatization under ex vitro conditions. Page(s): 256-262