NOPR Collection:

Green Recycling of waste Optical Disc to Urethane Products

2016-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Green Recycling of waste Optical Disc to Urethane Products Authors: Pant, D Abstract: A new green recycling method of Polycarbonate (PC) plastic, from waste optical disks (ODs), to urethane products is proposed. Recycling involves the reaction of PC with glycol and urea at 180ºC under ammonia saturated condition. Optimum weight ratio (ethylene glycol to urea and PC) and time for recycling was decided with the help of sequential UV spectroscopic analysis at different weight ratios and time. IR spectroscopy evidences the presence of ethylene glycol carbamate (EGC) as active reaction intermediate. The resultant product mixture consists of following as the major reaction products: (i) BPA-C (Bisphenol A Carbamate; 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl carbamate) (40%); (ii) BPA-DC (Bisphenol A dicarbamate; propane-2,2-diyldibenzene-4,1-diyl dicarbamate) (45%) and ; (iii) BPA-CC (Bisphenol A carbamoylcarbamate; 4-{2-[4-(carbamoyloxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl}phenyl carbamoylcarbamate) (13%) as shown by LC-MS, NMR and elemental analysis. It is found that proposed process is 3.2 times more greener then the parallel process using process mass intensity (PMI) calculation. These products are found to be potent antimicrobial which can extend its application as material resources. Page(s): 322-327

Design, Development and Metrological Characterization of a Force Transducer

2016-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Design, Development and Metrological Characterization of a Force Transducer Authors: Kumar, R; Pant, B D; Maji, S Abstract: The present paper discusses the design and development of a force transducer. The force transducer has been developed for a nominal capacity of 5 kN and strain gauges have been applied at suitable locations over it to form a Wheatstone bridge. The force transducer has been metrologically investigated according to the standard calibration procedures based on standards ISO 376-2011. Page(s): 320-321

Development and Morphology of Titanium Nanotubes Anode for New Generation Solar Cell by Electrochemical Anodizing Method

2016-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Development and Morphology of Titanium Nanotubes Anode for New Generation Solar Cell by Electrochemical Anodizing Method Authors: Balasundaram, T; Raja, K Abstract: This work investigated the effects of parameters of the anodization process on the geometrical features of the Titanium nanotubes anode. The topography of Titanium nanotube diameter and length had been affected without usage of magnetic stirrer by applying at three different DC voltage. In this study, we had synthesized Titanium nanotube arrays by electrochemical anodization of Ti foil by direct current (D.C.). Ethylene glycol and ammonium fluoride electrolyte was used to study the development of nanotubes above atmospheric temperature with varying D.C voltages. Then the Ti foil was annealed to form anatase for one hour in a muffle furnace. High Resolution Scanning electron microscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the Ti thin film nanotubes anode. HRSEM revealed the topography of the titanium nanotubes anode. At 60 V to 30 V, the mean tube diameter was 57.34 nm. At 50 V to 25 V, the mean tube diameter was 97.64 nm. At 40 V to 20 V, the mean tube diameter was 122.45 nm. Page(s): 315-319

Application of response surface methodology for the optimization of laccase production from Pleurotus ostreatus by solid state fermentation on pineapple leaf substrate

2016-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Application of response surface methodology for the optimization of laccase production from Pleurotus ostreatus by solid state fermentation on pineapple leaf substrate Authors: Soumya, P S; Lakshmi, M S K; Nambisan, P Abstract: Laccases are glycosylated polyphenol oxidases belonging to a group of enzymes called blue copper oxidases. In the present study laccase was produced by solid state fermentation of pineapple leaves by Pleurotus ostreatus NCIM1200. For optimization of laccase production the effect of various nutritional and physical parameters on production was initially examined using ‘one-factor-at-a-time’ method. Variables with statistically significant effects on enzyme production were identified by the Plackett-Burman experimental design. From the design, five factors viz., inoculum concentration, pineapple leaf length, pineapple leaf quantity used per flask, maltose concentration and pH significantly influenced the laccase production. Hence these variables were further optimized using Box-Behnken experimental design. The optimal combinations of parameters obtained were inoculum concentration 4 mycelial plugs per flask, pineapple leaf of length 2.01 cm and weight 12.72 g, 4.98 % (w/v) maltose and pH of 6. Finally experimental verification under optimized conditions showed an increase (approximately 8 fold) in laccase activity from an initial value of 261.63 IU/mL to1632.63 IU/mL. Page(s): 306-314