http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/3451 2026-10-09T21:58:07Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/30385 Title: <span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">Yolk protein profiles of three prawn (<i>Macrobrachium</i>)species during reproductive cycle </span> Authors: Shanju, S; Geraldine, P Abstract: <span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">Ovarian yolk protein (vitellin) of adult freshwater prawns <i>Macrobrachium malcolmsonii, M. rosenbergii </i>and <i>M. lamarreii </i>was characterized, and relationship between the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and the appearance of specific polypeptides in their ovary during different stages (early-mature, mature and spent) of reproductive cycle was studied. Mature ovaries of all the three species showed increased GSI values, compared to the respective early-mature ovaries. Protein profiles at the three stages of ovarian maturation were analysed by SDS-PAOE. Polypeptides of low <span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">molecular mass (20 to 70 kDa) were prominent in the earlymature ovary, whereas in mature ovary, 89 and 100 kDa polypeptides were predominant. Immunodiffusion studies, using antiserum raised against purified vitellin from mature ovary of <i><span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">M. malcolmsonii </span></i><span style="mso-bidi-language: HI">indicated antigenic similarities of vitellins among the three species. </span></span></span> Page(s): 258-261 2005-08-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/30384 Title: <span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">Molecular and biochemical markers associated with leaffolder (<i>Cnaphalocrocis medinalis </i>G.) resistance in rice (<i>Oryza sativa </i>L.) </span> Authors: Sinha, Seema; Balasaraswathi, R; Selvaraju, K; Shanmugasundaram, P Abstract: <span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">Association of molecular markers namely isozymes and simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and various biochemical markers to leaffolder (<i>Cnaphalocrocis medinalis </i>G., a predominant insect pest of rice) resistance were studied in rice (<i>Oryza sativa </i>L.). Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of F₈ generation obtained by crossing IR36 (susceptible parent) and TNAULFR831311 (moderately resistant parent) were used in this study. Soluble protein content, protein profile, and peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activities were the various biochemical markers studied. Decrease in soluble leaf protein content was observed in all lines, due to insect infestation. Protein profiling revealed an enhanced expression of a high molecular mass (>97 kDa) protein in all the infested lines. Besides, there was an increased induction of a 38 kDa protein in infested resistant parent and resistant RILs. A significant increase in peroxidase and PAL activities was observed after infestation. In peroxidase isozyme analysis, carried out after infestation, "isoform 1" was found to be more prominent in the susceptible lines and "isoform 2" in the resistant lines. Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) with twenty-five rice microsatellites (RM) resulted in identification of three polymorphic markers between bulks RM11 and RM432 located on chromosome 7 and RM271 on chromosome 10 of rice. These markers may be associated with leaffolder resistance in rice and can be used in marker-assisted selection for leaffolder resistance in rice. </span> Page(s): 228-232 2005-08-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/30383 Title: Oxidative stress in tumour-bearing fore-stomach and distant normal organs of Swiss albino mice Authors: Gagandeep; Rao, A R; Kale, R K Abstract: <span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">Antioxidant status in the tumour-bearing fore-stomach and distant normal organs (liver, spleen, kidney and heart) was investigated in Swiss albino mice. In addition, the cytochrome P₄₅₀ (cyt P₄₅₀) system was also examined in the liver. Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)p] (8 doses of 1 <span style="mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-language:HI">mg/0.l<i> </i><span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">ml) was administered twice a week for 4 weeks to develop fore-stomach tumour. The animals were sacrificed at the end of 140 days. The specific activities of catalase (CAT), DT-diaphorase (DTD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were found decreased, and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the specific activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased in the tumour-bearing fore-stomach; however, no change was observed in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The specific activities of antioxidant enzymes, and levels of GSH were also altered in the normal organs, depending upon the type of tissue. In addition, the contents of cyt P₄₅₀ and cyt b₅. and the activity of NADPH cyt P₄₅₀ reductase were significantly decreased in the fiver. The results suggest increased oxidative stress in the tumour, and disturbance in the cooperative antioxidant functions in the distant normal organs. Inhibition of cyt P₄₅₀ system reflected the possible adverse effect on drug metabolism function of the liver. Since, the antioxidant potential and the drug metabolism function were altered, the findings may have relevance to the radiation and chemotherapy of cancer. </span></span></span> Page(s): 216-221 2005-08-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/30382 Title: Studies on surfactant-biopolymer interaction. II. Interaction of cetyl trimethyl ammonium-, cetyl ethanolyl dimethyl ammonium-, cetyl diethanolyl methyl ammonium- and cetyl triphenyl phosphonium bromides and cetyl pyridinium chloride with calf thymus DNA Authors: Chatterjee, Arindam; Moulik, Satya P Abstract: <span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">The interaction of the surfactants cetyl trimethyl arnrnonium-, cetyl ethanolyl dimethyl ammonium-, cetyl diethanolyl methyl arnmonium-, and cetyl triphenyl phosphonium bromides and cetyl pyridinium chloride with calf thymus DNA was <span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">studied at 303 K in phosphate buffer (<i>p</i>H 7.0) at 10 <span style="mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-language: HI">m<i>M </i><span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">NaCI using spectrophotometric, viscometric, tensiometric, dynamic light scattering, circular dichroism, fluorescence microscopic and microcalorimetric techniques. All the surfactants interacted fairly with DNA, making the biopolymer condensed, even to the aggregated globular configuration at higher [surfactant]/[DNA] mole ratio (R), with direct evidence from fluorescence microscopy. Melting temperature and light <span style="mso-bidi-language:HI">scattering intensity of the DNA increased, whereas viscosity decreased in the presence of the surfactants. Tensiometry evidenced effective interaction at [surfactant] as low as 7.6 µ<i>M. </i>Isothermal titration calorimetric measurements supported low enthalpy of binding, induced aggregation of the surfactants, increased critical micellar concentration and association of aggregates with the biopolymer at higher R, evidencing distinctions in thermal behaviour. </span></span></span></span></span> Page(s): 205-215 2005-08-01T00:00:00Z