NOPR Collection:

Studies on effect of alkaline earth metal chloride on crossing point temperature of coal

2006-06-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Studies on effect of alkaline earth metal chloride on crossing point temperature of coal Authors: Mandai, Sinu; Prasad, R S; Verma, L K Abstract: Crossing point temperature (CPT) of coal with and without inhibitor (MgCl₂, CaCl₂ and BaClz) was determined. CPT of coal without inhibitor was 136°C. Known weight of coal (-72 mesh size) was treated with known volume of 1N, 2N, 3N, 4N & 5N solution of MgCl₂, CaCl₂ and BaCl₂ and CPT with these inhibitors was determined respectively. Experimental evidence shows that CPT is a function of concentration of alkaline earth metal chloride. Among these concentrations of inhibitors of each inhibitor, 5N solutions were chosen due to its effective influence on CPT of coal. The increase in CPT was 10.5°C, 7°C, and 6.6°C with 5N solution of MgCl2, CaCl2 and BaCl2 solution respectively. Emission of CO and CO2 with and without inhibitors was determined as a function of temperature by using 5N aqueous solution of. MgCI2, CaCl2 and BaCl2. Experimental evidences indicate that application of MgCl2 as an inhibitor is more efficient due to synergistic effect. Page(s): 518-520

Analytical techniques used to characterize drug-polyvinylpyrrolidone systems in solid and liquid states – An overview

2006-06-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Analytical techniques used to characterize drug-polyvinylpyrrolidone systems in solid and liquid states – An overview Authors: Chadha, Renu; Kapoor, V K; Kumar, Amit Abstract: Homogeneous distribution of poorly water-soluble drugs in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a hydrophilic carrier, is definitely a suitable way to improve the bioavailability of such drugs. However, fundamental knowledge of drug polymer interaction and comprehensive study of the thermal, structural and solubility properties of such binary systems is the prerequisite for the development of useful drug product. The paper reviews physical state, dissolution behavior and elucidation of drug-PVP interaction in solid dispersion using XRD, FTIR, DSC, SEM, hot stage microscopy and NMR. The importance of suitable selection of the system preparation methods have also been demonstrated and emphasis is laid on the potential methods for the industrial production of solid dispersions. Page(s): 459-469

Kinetics and mechanism of polymerization of vinyl acetate using triphenyl stibonium 1, 2, 3, 4-tetraphenyl- cyclopentadiene ylide

2006-06-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Kinetics and mechanism of polymerization of vinyl acetate using triphenyl stibonium 1, 2, 3, 4-tetraphenyl- cyclopentadiene ylide Authors: Srivastava, A K; Chaurasia, A K; Sharma, Saroj; Mishra, Garima Abstract: This study describes the kinetics and mechanism of free radical polymerization of vinyl acetate initiated by triphenyl stibonium 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylcyclopentadiene ylide in dioxane at 75±0.1°C under nitrogen atmosphere. The system followed ideal radical kinetics (R_p [M] [I]^0.5). The reaction has been retarded by hydroquinone, aniline and nitrobenzene. The overall activation energy and average value of k_p²/k_t are 32 kJ mol^-1 and 0.46 l mol^-1s^-1, respectively. Page(s): 514-517

Development of four channel programmable FES system using multi-tap transformers

2006-06-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Development of four channel programmable FES system using multi-tap transformers Authors: Sharma, V K; Agnihotri, R C; Pankaj, Dinesh; Kumar, Neelesh; Jindal, Rohit; Mehta, Deepak; Bahadur, Raj Abstract: Spinal cord injuries are predominantly prevalent among younger individuals (> 55% in 16-30 age group). Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is electrical stimulation of muscle deprived of nerves control, with a view of providing muscular contraction and providing a functionally useful movement. The paper reports on the development of a FES system using multi-tap transformers, and also usefulness of the system on a complete paraplegic patient with injury level T-4 to T-12. Page(s): 507-509