NOPR Collection:

Design, Development and Evaluation of Lever type Maize Sheller

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Design, Development and Evaluation of Lever type Maize Sheller Authors: Nandede, B M; Jadhav, M L; Dhimate, A S; Thorat, D S; Shinde, V S Abstract: An investigation was carried out to design, develop and evaluate the performance of manually operated Lever type Maize Sheller (LMS). It consisted of a handle, guiding rod, supporting rod, spring loaded ram, maize cob guiding cylinder, shelling blade, buffer, collection chamber, shutter and frame. Performance of developed LMS was statistically compared with Tubular Maize Sheller (TMS) in terms of throughput capacity, shelling capacity, shelling efficiency, unshelled seeds and damaged seeds percentage at different maize cob length. The overall throughput capacity and shelling capacity was found to be 44.63 kg cobs/h and 33.90 kg seeds/h with LMS which was almost 3 times more as compare to TMS. The overall shelling efficiency of 96.34% and 99.45% was observed with LMS and TMS respectively. The unshelled seeds of 3.66% with LMS and 0.55% with TMS were observed. The seed damage during operation with LMS was around 5%, while it was nil in case of TMS. The total savings on shelling hundred kg seeds with LMS was found as ₹ 202 and ₹ 424 on comparing with TMS and bare hand method of shelling respectively. The performance evaluation and economic analysis reveals that the adoption of developed Lever type Maize Sheller can be economical and technically feasible. Page(s): 11-16

Ultrasound Pre-treated Osmotic Dehydration of Elephant Apple (Dillenia indica) Slices

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Ultrasound Pre-treated Osmotic Dehydration of Elephant Apple (Dillenia indica) Slices Authors: Mishra, Smrutimayee; Rayaguru, Kalpana; Nayak, Prakash Kumar Abstract: Osmotic dehydration of elephant apple fruit slices was optimized using a Box-Behnken design. Sugar concentration, immersion time and drying air temperature were chosen as the experimental input variables. These were optimized by estimating the desirable osmotic properties and by evaluating the phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and rehydration ability. The regression coefficients of all the valid response models have been determined and the possible effect of variables at individual and interactive levels has been analyzed. Osmo-air dried elephant apple slices with acceptable quality could be produced by subjecting the raw slices to sugar syrup dipping at 60°Brix, for 4h followed by air drying at a temperature of 55°C. Page(s): 17-22

Correlations for Fins with Impacting air Jets type Solar Air Heater

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Correlations for Fins with Impacting air Jets type Solar Air Heater Authors: Goel, Abhishek Kumar; Singh, S N Abstract: Experimental investigation has been conducted on a collector for non-cross flow configuration. The structure incorporates fins with impinging air jets below the absorber surface. The main aim is to examine the significance of implicating both the methods on heat transfer and thermal performance of the apparatus. Testing covers a prescribed range of operating and geometrical parameters such as, fin spacing (w = 0.03 and 0.06 m), stream-wise pitch (3 cm and 6 cm), dimensions of jet (circular in shape having diameter (D_j) = 6 mm, 8 mm and 1cm), mass flow rate of air (ṁ = 0.056–0.112 kg.s^-1) and (Re= 5700–11700) respectively. An appreciable augmentation in thermal performance is noticed by mutual use of fins and air jets. The experimental data collected is further processed to develop correlations for Nusselt number in conjunction with fin and jet parameters of the set up for both the techniques separately. Page(s): 23-26

An Empirical Modeling and Evaluation Approach for the Safe use of Industrial Electric Detonators in the Hazards of Radio Frequency Radiation

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: An Empirical Modeling and Evaluation Approach for the Safe use of Industrial Electric Detonators in the Hazards of Radio Frequency Radiation Authors: Singh, Jitendra Kumar; Mandal, Sujit Kumar; Banerjee, Gautam Abstract: The major causes of radio frequency radiation hazards are the transmitting antennas of radio, TV, radar, cell phones, wireless data acquisition systems and global positioning systems in the new age of communication technology using various modulation schemes such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM) etc. The transmitting antennas of these communication devices generate electromagnetic fields (EMFs). Under such conditions, electric detonator wires work as receiving antenna and pickup sufficient energy from electromagnetic fields to initiate an accidental explosion. There have been several instances of accidental firing of detonators by radio frequency pickup. In this study an attempt has been made to minimize such explosions and to provide a basis for the assessment and simulation of the radio frequency radiation hazard parameters associated with industrial electric detonators. This research examines the radiated powers of various frequency bands to determine the safe distance from transmitting antenna. Two empirical relationships for the estimation of minimum safe distance (MSD) have been suggested based on mathematical simulation. Using these relations desired MSDs have been calculated for the relevant frequency bands. The values obtained have been compared with the experimental values available that demonstrated strong agreement between them. The average percentage deviations of calculated MSDs from suggested relations are found between 0.096% and 10.718%, with regression coefficient 0.970 ≤ R ≤ 1. This reflects the soundness of the proposed empirical relations. The blasting engineers, detonator designers and researchers may use these relations as a handy tool to prevent undesired explosions by maintaining minimum safe distance in radio frequency prone hazardous areas. Page(s): 27-33