NOPR Collection:

Variability and molecular diversity of wild sugarcane germplasm collected from low temperature regions Lohit and Changlang of Arunachal Pradesh

2020-07-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Variability and molecular diversity of wild sugarcane germplasm collected from low temperature regions Lohit and Changlang of Arunachal Pradesh Authors: Appunu, C.; Narayan, J. Ashwin; Mahadevaswamy, H. K.; Karthigeyan, S.; Valarmathi, R.; Mahadevaiah, C.; Kumar, Ravinder; Meena, Mintu Ram; Ram, Bakshi Abstract: Saccharum spontaneum L. is a perennial grass representing the most genetically diversified species in Saccharum genus. It has the potential to withstand severe biotic/abiotic stresses and frequently used as donor of stress tolerant genes in sugarcane improvement program through gene introgression. In this study, the phenotypic variation and molecular diversity of forty nine S. spontaneum accessions collected from Lohit and Changlang regions of Arunachal Pradesh, North Eastern India were investigated for morphometric traits and polymorphic STMS marker. The phenotypic coefficient of variation showed ample variability for the traits viz., plant height (27.19%), stalk diameter (28.21%), single cane weight (48.97%), internode number (22.60%) and internode length (29.15%). Further, twenty nine sequence-tagged microsatellite site (STMS) markers generated 495 bands with an average of 14.06 polymorphic bands. The accessions specific bands in respect to specific marker combinations were identified. The Jaccard’s similarity coefficients among these accessions ranged from 0.42 to 0.78 with an average of 0.58 and clustering using unweighted pair group method of arithmetic-average (UPGMA) showed two major clusters with subclusters. Similarly polulation structure analysis based Bayesian approach grouped the individuals into two subpopulations, with alpha value of 0.112. The study shows that S. spontaneum accessions collected from Arunachal Pradesh is highly diverse, most of them will be harbouring the genes for cold tolerance and biomass. The set of markers which produced specific bands for the specific accessions identified in the study will help in identification of the particular accessions. The accessions studied are potential source for cold tolerance and high biomass, the results obtained in the present study will definitely help in planning and utilising them in sugarcane improvement programme. Page(s): 159-168

Molecular characterisation of a Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae isolated from an infected rice (Oryza sativa L) plant in Vellore district, India

2020-07-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Molecular characterisation of a Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae isolated from an infected rice (Oryza sativa L) plant in Vellore district, India Authors: Ramadass, Manjula; Thiagarajan, Padma Abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa L) is a widely consumed cereal in India. Rice plants are susceptible to leaf blight disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The infection leads to yield loss and premature crop death. Genomic characterization of pathogenic strains isolated from infected plants grown in different geographical locations can help to devise molecular level control strategies. In this study, infected leaves were collected from rice plants grown in an agricultural field of Vellore district. The yellow mucoid colonies, observed upon incubation of infected leaves in Luria Bertani (LB) and nutrient broth yeast extract (NBY) medium, were isolated and characterised by biochemical tests and Gram staining. In vitro pathogenicity test relating to exopolysaccharide (EPS) production was carried out for six of the Gram negative rod isolates, which also tested positive for 3% KOH, citrate and catalase tests. Isolate IL8 had the highest EPS level of 2275 ± 0.3 µg/ml and it was characterised by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy for related functional groups. This isolate was then used for in vivo pathogenicity test on Ponni variety rice plants wherein progression of severe leaf blight disease was noted upon infection. Disease severity was measured in terms of diseased leaf area and disease scoring index was recorded. IL8 was characterised by 16S rRNA sequencing and confirmed as Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The sequence was submitted to NCBI GenBank and an accession number of VITXO MK547277.1 was obtained. Page(s): 169-175

Protein profiling by two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) represented a basic protein fingerprinting in tea

2020-07-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Protein profiling by two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) represented a basic protein fingerprinting in tea Authors: Hazarika, Pranita; Singh, H Ranjit Abstract: We report about the use of protein profiling by two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) to identify a particular tea clone or cultivar from our recently considered three tea cultivars (TV1, TV6 and HK22/14). Comparison of 2-DE gel pictures for each cultivar provided a unique banding patterns of protein spots on 2-DE gel which remain unchanged after challenging with biotic (Helopeltis and red spider infested) and abiotic (drought) stresses. Therefore, it can be concluded that 2-DE may be used as a protein marker for identifying a desirable tea cultivar to be used in tea breeding programme. Page(s): 176-181

Molecular characterization of tospoviruses infecting Capsicum annuum L.

2020-07-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Molecular characterization of tospoviruses infecting Capsicum annuum L. Authors: Rajamanickam, S; Haokip, B D; Caroline, R; Nakkeeran, S Abstract: Chilli (Capsicum annuum L) a prime vegetable cum spice crop is infected by tospoviruses, which has become a serious threat to it's cultivation worldwide. A survey was conducted for infection of tospoviruses on the basis of chlorotic and necrotic symptoms in chilli growing areas of Tamil Nadu. The symptomatic leaves were positive for tospovirus-specific antiserum tested through direct antigen coating - enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAC-ELISA), dot blot immunobinding assay (DIBA) and tissue blot immunobinding assay (TIBA). The samples with typical symptoms were successfully established for the chlorotic and necrotic lesions in assay host, cowpea and chilli upon artificial inoculation of tospoviruses. Further, an expected complementary DNA (cDNA) fragment sequence of about 840 bp and 1.2 kb were positively amplified using PCR correspond to coat protein (CP) gene of the respective viruses, which confirmed the presence of groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV), capsicum chlorosis virus (CaCV) in chilli. However, there is a lack of standard method to understand the genetic information of tospoviruses infecting chilli which requires the reliable, sensitive and specific method. To address this issue, we have investigated an application based on CP gene of GBNV and CaCV to perform molecular profiling. The nucleotide sequences of GBNV and CaCV showed maximum identity between the isolates and amino acid sequences had more than 90% similarity. However, superimposed 3D prediction structures constructed using MODELLER software revealed the single variation at 259^th position comprising of glutamine and valine respectively. The protein profiling of CP gene provides the basic knowledge on properties of CP proteins of two tospoviruses infecting chilli and their structural relationships. Page(s): 182-191