http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58235 2026-10-09T19:57:47Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58247 Title: Phytochemicals against COVID-19 and a gap in clinical investigations: An outlook Authors: Yadav, VK; Kaushik, Prashant Abstract: The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has presented an unexpected pandemic that has triggered severe panic among people worldwide. In this direction, nations are maximizing their efforts to battle the disease and lower illness. Plants that produce numerous bioactive compounds might help develop and keep immunity against chronic diseases and COVID-19. Medicinal plant-based treatments are trendy in rural and tribal communities, mainly as an outcome of the increased scalability, which causes them to be cheaper and affordable compared to present-day medication. Furthermore, additional research on the antiviral possibility of healing plants shown that plant extracts with incredibly energetic secondary metabolites are competent to interrupt the replication of numerous very pathogenic viruses. But the testing and clinical trials take a very long time. This review discusses the gap in clinical studies with available phytochemicals and the possible ways to cover the same. Page(s): 403-407 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58246 Title: Oral insulin delivery using artificial peptide Authors: Adikane, Harshavardhan V Abstract: The daily multiple insulin injection is the line of treatment for diabetes mellitus. As the oral insulin delivery mimics, the physiology of endogenous insulin secreted by pancreas. Recently, the search for suitable carrier to develop oral insulin delivery has been intensified. However, the carrier toxicity and very less bioavailability of insulin remains the major problem in the development of oral insulin delivery. Preparation of a non-covalent insulin-peptide complex using different peptide made of 16 to 20 L-amino acids studied to overcome the problem. The in vitro testing of insulin-peptide complex showed significant stability against the proteolytic enzyme. Whereas, in in vivo testing, the presence of 10-41% insulin in blood plasma observed after 30 to 60 min oral feeding of insulin-peptide complex. Results indicated that the peptide which showed moderate protection against pepsin and minor protection against trypsin and chymotrypsin has an important role in enhancing oral insulin bioavailability. However, the peptide which showed higher protection against trypsin and no protection against pepsin could not achieve significant oral insulin bioavailability. Page(s): 408-415 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58245 Title: In silico screening of some naturally occurring bioactive compounds predicts potential inhibitors against SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) protease Authors: Mishra, Ashok Kumar; Gupta, Vimlesh; Tewari, Satya Prakash Abstract: The reports pertaining to the mitigation and treatment of the COVID-19 pandemic are still lacking. Compatibility of the natural products and availability of the modern computational techniques motivated us to carry out In Silico investigations on some bioactive natural compounds reportedly found in the fruits and leaves of Anthocephalus Cadamba commonly known as Kadam or Kadamb Tree, aiming to predict the potential inhibitors against the aforesaid virus. Having modeled the ground state ligand structure of the nine natural compounds applying density functional theory at B3LYP/631+G (d, p) level, we have performed their molecular docking with SARS-COV-2 protease to calculate the binding affinity as well as to screen the binding at S-protein site during ligand-protein interactions. Out of these nine studied naturally occurring compounds; Oleanic Acid has been appeared to be a potential inhibitor for COVID-19 followed by Ursolic Acid, Iso-Vallesiachotamine, Vallesiachotamine, Cadambine, Vincosamide-N-Oxide, Isodihydroamino-cadambine, Pentyle Ester of Chlorogenic Acid and D-Myo-Inositol. Hence, these bioactive natural compounds or their structural analogs may be explored as an anti-COVID-19 drug agents. The solubility and solvent-effect related to the phytochemicals may be the point of concern. In vivo investigations on these proposed natural compounds or their structural analogs are invited for designing and developing the potential medicine/vaccine for the treatment of COVID-19 pandemic. Page(s): 416-425 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58244 Title: New insights of RA-V cyclopeptide as an autophagy inhibitor in human COLO 320DM cancer cell lines Authors: Wagh, Uttara Ravindra; S, Rupachandra Abstract: Colon cancer is the leading cause for the malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract. Autophagy is a self-degradation process of the unnecessary, injured and aged organelles and proteins in the cell, which is followed by recovering of degraded products. Apoptosis is a programmed cell death which is characterized by membrane blebbing, chromosome condensation and nuclear fragmentation. Apoptosis and autophagy can occur frequently in a cell, predominantly in a series preceding apoptosis through autophagy by the formation of autophagosomes. In current research, the impact of autophagy inhibition and apoptosis activation were found to be the targeted strategies to treat colon cancer. This study is focused on the apoptotic potential of RA-V, a natural cyclopeptide through the inhibition of protective autophagy in colon cancer cells. Growth inhibitory properties were observed in the RA-V treated (125 μM) colo 320DM cells using cell viability assay. RA-V induced apoptosis of colo 320DM cells at the maximum concentration of 125 μM, which was observed using DAPI and Annexin - PI staining methods. In this study we also examined the mechanistic role of RA-V (125 μM) in and colo 320DM cells in the presence of Rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor) and chloroquine (autophagy inhibitor) using MDC and AO staining methods. Page(s): 426-433 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z