http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/64691 2026-10-09T20:39:55Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/64705 Title: Development of thermal layer using low twist yarns and roving of aramids and FR viscose blend Authors: Chauhan, Shweta; Parmar, M S; Sisodia, Nidhi Abstract: In this study, various fabrics of FR Viscose, m-aramid, and p-aramid have been manufactured using low-twist yarn as well as roving, and then studied for their thermal and mechanical properties. The ring-spinning system is used to manufacture different low-twist yarns and roving. Twenty-one (21) woven fabric samples with 1 up 1 down plain weave using three combinations out of these yarns and roving in warp and weft have been produced. The three combinations are Yarn/Yarn, Yarn/Roving, and Roving/Roving. The radiant heat transfer index (RHTI24) and convective heat transfer index (HTI24) of the fabrics of m-aramid, p-aramid, and FR viscose made out of Yarn/Yarn combination with different blend compositions are found in the range of 7.5–11.4 s and 7.2 – 9.6 s respectively. However, the fabrics made out of Yarn/Roving and Roving/Roving combinations with different blend compositions show radiant heat transfer index and convective heat transfer index in the range of 11.4 – 19.9 s and 10.5–17.7 s respectively. The HTI24 – HTI12 values of all the samples are found to be more than 4 s, which indicates a good escape time from feeling pain to suffering a second-degree burn in both convective and radiant heat. All 21 woven fabrics qualify for the passing criteria of flame spread as per EN 469 standard. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) is carried out using SPSS software in order to establish the correlation between the fabric samples made out of three types of fibres and their blends in the Roving/Roving combination with convective heat and radiant heat properties. Page(s): 289-296 2024-09-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/64704 Title: Dyeing of pashmina wool using Butea monosperma flower extract Authors: Patil, Harshal; Patil, Atharva; Athalye, Ashok Abstract: Pashmina wool has been dyed with natural dye extracted from flowers of Butea monosperma using an aqueous method, and its optimization is done by response surface methodology. The scoured wool is mordanted with tannic acid and dyed with the aqueous extract of natural dye. The dyebath parameters have been optimised by varying concentration, temperature, and time in the range of 10–30%, 50– 90oC, and 40–80 min respectively. Box-Behnken response surface methodology is utilized to standardise the process parameters. The dyed samples are evaluated for colour strength (K/S), wash fastness, and light fastness. The maximum and minimum K/S, achieved after dyeing, are 3.41 and 1.31 respectively. The wash fastness performance of the dyed samples shows high colour change, however the staining on adjacent wool and cotton is found minimal. Light fastness rating is found good to moderate and considered to be within the permissible limits. The statistical model suggested by RSM is found significant, with a P value of less than 0.05 and an F value of 39.2, and validated by performing selected experiments of high desirability. The results of the predicted and experimental K/S are found very close. This study indicates the potential increase in the use of natural dyes in indigenous pashmina wool varieties. Page(s): 297-303 2024-09-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/64703 Title: Influence of superabsorbent fibre in cotton web on absorption of saline solution Authors: Dhiman, Rupali; Chattopadhyay, R Abstract: Three types of nonwoven structures, viz. one mono-component (100 % cotton) and two bi-components (homogeneously dispersed fibres and layer-wise assembled fibres) have been prepared and then evaluated for absorption performance. The addition of superabsorbent (SAF) fibres into the nonwoven structure marginally improves the absorption capacity of the homogeneously blended structure in comparison to the 100 % cotton web. The liquid (synthetic urine) retention of the cotton web is found to vary between 45 % and 65 %, depending upon the external pressure. The SAF, however, increases the retention capacity significantly. Amongst all the structures, the retention of layered structure is found to be superior to the rest. Page(s): 304-310 2024-09-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/64702 Title: Selection of raw material parameters for multi-response optimization of cotton yarn qualities Authors: Das, Subhasis; Ghosh, Anindya Abstract: In this work, a multi-response optimization of cotton yarn quality using desirability function approach has been attempted. Being a natural product, cotton yarn qualities are primarily governed by raw material characteristics. This work aims to resolve the complexity of simultaneous optimization of raw material properties using a hybrid multi-response optimization model, where predictive power of support vector regression and optimization capability of genetic algorithm are employed with desirability function. The individual desirability of cotton fibre qualities is assessed from the six properties, such as fibre strength, elongation, fineness, upper half mean length, uniformity index and short fibre content. The yarn quality parameters, such as yarn strength, yarn elongation, hairiness and unevenness, are combined together to express overall desirability. The optimum cotton quality parameters essential to produce good quality yarn can be determined from the proposed multi-response optimization model. Page(s): 311-317 2024-09-01T00:00:00Z