http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/65455 2026-10-09T17:34:45Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66852 Title: Indological Knowledge and its Syllogism Authors: Asundi, A. Y.; Karisiddappa, C.R. Abstract: The study of ancient and medieval history, culture, customs, art and science, languages and socio-economic knowledge of India is known as Indology. Ranganathan proposes Indology as an area study with above features. Indological knowledge system is vast and encompasses many areas of study, contrary to the knowledge systems of the West. Bacon, Kant, Hegel and Pearson identified only two or three categories of knowledge of their times, while the ancient Indian sources have enlisted as many as 64 Vidyas. The knowledge treasure of India made the foreign traveller Huen Tsang take back loads of writings on return home. Not speaking about 4 Vedas, 112 Upanishads, 6 Vedangas, Shastras and 18 Puranas which are still referred to as cues and that depict the holistic horizon of India’s knowledge treasure. Max Muller a German scholar compiled 50 books entitled “Sacred Works of the East”. A living example of one of India’s famous treatise, is the ‘Kautilya’s Arthasastra’ which dates back to 2nd Century BCE the MSS available in the Oriental Research Institute, Mysore was translated into English by Shamasastry, the then Curator of the Institute. One of the well known Oriental historian Basham lists 11 areas of knowledge attributed to well known Indian scholars like Aryabhata and Panini. The paper examines the vast knowledge treasure of India nested in Vedas and other numerous sources of the times immemorial. It primarily desires to focus more on the aspects of Space and Time knowledge and their implications in knowledge organisation. Page(s): 343-348 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66851 Title: A Critical Review on the Treasure of Indian Knowledge available in various Scriptures in relevance to Modern Era Authors: Arora, Dr. Smita Abstract: Indian knowledge system is a rich legacy catering the society with the concepts of holistic way of living with high levels of spiritual consciousness. The Vedas, Upnishad, Aranyaka, Brahmanas and various other epics are great repository of knowledge encompassing every walk of life, like science, technology, astronomy, architecture, mathematics, ecology and agriculture etc. Though we are presently living in an era of Artificial Intelligence, the wisdom of our ancient Vedic era can't be denied in current scenario. The present era achievements can be denoted as the fruits which the tree of time is bearing and whose roots can be traced in our ancient literature.Therefore, it becomes essential to explore the hidden treasure of Indian knowledge present in the Vedic era or ancient times which have been described in various scriptures, manuscripts, epics and texts etc. The earliest sources of our knowledge of Indian philosophy and medicine are the four Vedas, few sacred books of knowledge which were available from the period of 1500 to 800 B.C. This research article provides a critical review of the concepts and knowledge which our ancient scholars possessed and that have been adopted in the modern era after conducting scientific researches. This study serves as an initial step to peep into the ancient era window using a spectacle of modern era concepts. Page(s): 349-358 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66850 Title: A Critical Study on Vāda, Jalpa, and Vitandā in the Mahābhārata and Contemporary Legal Discourse Authors: Jyoti, Dr.; Kumar, Dr. Asheesh; Pattanaik, Jyoti; Tripathi, Dr. Manorama Abstract: The Nyāya Sūtras of Maharshi Gautama introduced the concept of "Kathātraya," comprising Vāda (a debate for truth-seeking without any intention of triumph or defeat), Jalpa (a debate aimed at victory with argumentative discourse for establishing one’s own viewpoint and vanquishing the opposition, akin to contemporary legal battles), and Vitandā (a debate solely for refuting the opponent’s argument without presenting an alternative viewpoint ), which reflects various aspects of parliamentary discussions and judicial discourse. These forms of dialogue find significant parallels in modern parliamentary debates and legal proceedings. The present study has examined cases like the death penalty debate and Sabarimala judgment through the Kathātraya lens by taking incidents described in Mahabharata. In tune with the NEP 2020, it has highlighted the integration of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) into contemporary law and education, emphasizing linguistic and cultural preservation. It has connected ancient philosophical doctrines with modern Sustainable Development Goals, illustrating how ancient Indian philosophical doctrines can improve contemporary policy-making debates. It has spotlighted the profound ethical wisdom which is embedded in India’s rich intellectual heritage. Page(s): 359-369 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/66849 Title: Plant Cultivation and Indian Knowledge System: An Exploration of the Available Scholarly Literature Authors: Das, Moumita Abstract: The interest in the traditional practices of plant cultivation has gained momentum in India in the past few decades. We are witnessing a revival of ancient concepts, such as Vrikshayurveda. The underlying reasons of this resurgence could be attributed to the modern unsustainable cultivation practices resulting in the increasingly depleting soil quality of the farmlands, low nutritional value of the produce, indiscriminate exploitation of the forest resources, water pollution caused by chemical fertilisers and pesticides, and the consequent diseases posed to human and animal life, to name a few. Needless to say, all these disturbing issues pose a high threat to not only our food security but also to our very existence on this planet. Meanwhile, India is poised to be a completely developed nation by 2047 as envisioned by the sentiment of Viksit Bharat@2047. Clearly, to enable Bharat to be completely developed by that time, appropriate ground-breaking interventions need to be undertaken from today itself to mitigate the existing problems. The scientific community in India is now actively looking for solutions to these problems in the Indian Knowledge System (IKS). Lately there has been an impetus in the research carried out by universities and institutions on the feasibility of plant cultivation that is based on the IKS. The Government of India has also been supportive in this regard with several Ministries, such as the Ministry of AYUSH and Ministry of Agriculture paying special attention to the development of innovative solutions towards sustainable plant cultivation practices. In this regard, a considerable amount of work has been done by researchers and scientists in mining the knowledge available in the IKS and practicing them. However, it is felt that the information available to us regarding IKS for plant cultivation is still growing and there is a considerable scope for continued research on exploring IKS, especially that available in regional languages. This study is exploratory research on the available literature on plant cultivation practices and the IKS. This paper attempts not only to explain the various types of plant cultivation practices as mentioned in the IKS but also to highlight the available literature on the modern scientific experiments and innovations that provide the evidence of the efficacy of the IKS-based plant cultivation techniques. The collated and updated literature presented in this paper is expected to assist the researchers and policy makers to take an informed decision on the adoption of best practices in plant cultivation using IKS. The study is also expected to provide insight into the design, development and offering of customised referral services in IKS-based resources on plant cultivation by the libraries. Page(s): 370-380 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z