http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/65574 2026-10-09T21:54:45Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/65584 Title: Geotechnical Design and Rock Support Evaluation of Dimapur–Kohima Railway Tunnel, Nagaland, India Authors: Kumar, Arun; Verma, Shwetambara; Sengupta, Somesh; Singh, M Sunil Abstract: This study evaluates the rock support requirements for a specific tunnel design, aligning with guidelines from the Indian Railways Schedule of Dimensions for 1676 mm Broad Gauge (BG), Revised (2004), and Addendum and Corrigendum Slip (ACS) No. 26. By examining geological, geotechnical, and geo-engineering parameters along the tunnel alignment— including rock mass characteristics and in situ stress conditions—the study aims to identify optimal design and support systems. Using RocLab software, key rock mass properties like deformation modulus and shear strength were evaluated, while RS2 (Finite Element Method software) assessed primary tunnel support needs. For full-face excavation and tunnel cross sections without invert, the recommended support classes III and IV require bolts of 3–3.5 m in length and 10–15 cm shotcrete. For cross sections with invert, classes IV, V, and VI support systems are advised. The maximum observed deformation for Class VI tunnels ranged from 80–150 mm, with a yielding radius of approximately 8 m, indicating poor rock quality in this section. To mitigate deformation risks, a high-strength support system with yielding capabilities is suggested, along with pipe roofing. However, further evaluation through 3D simulations is recommended to assess the pipe roof’s effects on stress and deformation. Finally, Class VII supports are proposed for their robust design, especially in areas with shallow overburden and low-stress environments, capable of managing substantial loads. This real-time study offers valuable insights for academicians and consultants focused on tunnel support assessment and related geotechnical applications. Page(s): 251-261 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/65583 Title: Miniaturized Bandpass Filter with Controllable Transmission Zero using Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) Technology Authors: Choudhury, Avijit Roy; A, Venkata Guru Subramanyan; Sarkar, Ram Krishna; Mukhopadhyay, Mainak Abstract: The trend toward miniaturization of satellite payloads necessitates the development of increasingly smaller and more efficient receiver and transmitter systems. Consequently, the components that make up these receivers and transmitters must be compact and utilize multi-layer technology to create hybrid architectures. Microstrip-based high-rejection filters necessitate a significant amount of space, which hinders the implementation of radio frequency systems in package (SiPs). The objective of this study is to develop compact filters for satellite receivers. This research focuses on constructing a filter that has improved selectivity to reject unwanted image frequencies while keeping the filter order the same. A third-order grounded combline resonator loaded with a capacitor has been chosen as the fundamental configuration for the proposed bandpass filter design. The paper introduces a new method to improve the selectivity of the combline resonator bandpass filter by incorporating a transmission zero, which is achieved by introducing a U-shaped coupling structure between nonadjacent resonators in a separate layer. The position of the transmission zero can be accurately controlled by adjusting the length of the U-shaped coupling transmission line. An additional coupling pad has been inserted between the resonator and the U-shaped pattern on a separate layer to guarantee the coupling between the resonators and adjust the bandwidth. An innovative method was employed to build and simulate a filter for the Ku-band frequency range of 12.7 GHz to 13.0 GHz. The filter has a 1-dB absolute bandwidth of 310 MHz and achieves a rejection of 26 dB at 11.6 GHz, the image frequency for a standard payload receiver. The filter's dimensions are 6.5 mm × 2.58 mm × 0.89 mm, making it an essential component of the RF SiP. Page(s): 262-268 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/65582 Title: Improved Machine Learning based Approach for Autotuning PID Controller using Genetic Algorithms and Parallel Processing Authors: Ahmadi, Aghil; Esfanjani, Reza Mahboobi Abstract: PID controllers are widely applied in approximately 95% of continuous control systems across process industries, making them a cornerstone of control engineering. Despite their widespread use, these controllers are often inadequately tuned. This study proposes an intelligent adaptive Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller for managing complex, uncertain processes. To enhance the capabilities of traditional PID controllers, an advanced machine learning approach using Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is implemented. To optimize the configuration of the neural network and reduce computational load, a Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based structural learning technique is used, combined with parallel computing to accelerate training. Simulation results show that the proposed controller achieves an RMSE of 0.70 in the absence of disturbances, outperforming the Standard PID (0.95 RMSE) and Shallow Neural PID (0.74 RMSE). Under a 20 dB SNR disturbance, the proposed approach maintains robust performance with an RMSE of 0.79, compared to the Standard PID (1.10 RMSE) and Shallow Neural PID (0.86 RMSE). These findings highlight the superiority of the proposed innovatively tuned controller over both standard PID controllers and recently introduced intelligent network-based tuners, particularly in the presence of uncertainties. Page(s): 269-277 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/65581 Title: Prioritizing Barriers to Circular Economy Implementation in Toy Industry using Analytical Hierarchy Process Authors: Joshi, Mangesh; Khandekar, Priya Abstract: The transition towards a circular economy has gained considerable attention as a promising strategy to mitigate environmental degradation and resource depletion. This study aims to prioritize barriers to circular economy implementation within the toy industry using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology, driven by the need to identify and address obstacles hindering circular practices in a sector notable for its environmental impact and waste production. The methodology included a comprehensive literature review to identify relevant barriers, expert consultation, and AHP analysis to assign weights and ranks to each factor. The study identified and ranked factors influencing circular economy implementation based on their relative importance. Key findings highlight Lack of Collaboration (weight 0.351), Limited Market Demand (weight 0.109), and Economic Viability (weight 0.092) as primary barriers, with Lack of Infrastructure and Supply Chain Complexity also emerging as critical challenges. These findings emphasize the need for collaborative efforts, innovative solutions, and robust regulatory frameworks to overcome these barriers and promote sustainable practices in the industry. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers to develop targeted strategies and initiatives for fostering circular economy principles in the toy industry. The novelty of this research lies in its application of the AHP methodology to systematically assess and rank barriers to circular economy implementation in a specific sector, offering a replicable framework for similar analyses in other industries. Page(s): 278-286 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z