NOPR Collection:

High frequency axillary bud multiplication and ex vitro rooting of Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. - A medicinal plant

Sat, 01 Mar 2003 00:00:00 GMT

Title: High frequency axillary bud multiplication and ex vitro rooting of Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. - A medicinal plant Authors: Martini, K P; Beena, M R; Joseph, Dominic Abstract: An efficient protocol was achieved for rapid propagation of Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. through axillary bud proliferation and ex vitro rooting. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with benzyladenine (BA: 8.87 μM) and indole-3 -butyric acid (IBA: 2.46 μM) was optimal for axillary bud proliferation, which developed a mean of 8.3 shoots/node. Excision and cu lture of node segments from in vitro shoots on medium supplemented with the same concentration of growth regulators developed more than 30 shoots within 40 days. Excision and culture of nodes in success ion enhanced the number of shoots. Shoot multiplication did not exhibit decrease in the number of shoots even at 10^th subculture. Nevertheless, the shoots exhibited a tendency towards stunted nature. But reduction of BA to 4.44 or 2.22 μM resumed normal growth of shoots. Half strength MS medium fortified with IBA (2.46 μM) induced the highest number of roots. All in vitro rooted shoots survived in field. Dipping of the basal end of shoots collected from multiplication medium in IBA (2.46μM) solution for 7 days induced roots and its transfer to small pots facilitated the survival of all rooted shoots (100%). Rooting ex vitro by direct transfer of shoots from multiplication medium exhibited 89.2 per cent survival. Use of commercial sugar and tap water and also the commission of in vitro rooting reduce the propagation cost 50-70 per cent. The protocol enables to harvest more than 50,000 plantlets within 150 days starting from a single node explant. Page(s): 262-266

Immuno-pathotyping of Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica) isolates of wheat using anti-mycelial antibodies

Sat, 01 Mar 2003 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Immuno-pathotyping of Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica) isolates of wheat using anti-mycelial antibodies Authors: Varshney, Gaurav K; Singh, U S; Mishra, D P; Kumar, Anil Abstract: Two types of polyclonal antibodies raised against whole lyophilized (LMA) and fractionated mycelial antigen (FMA) of most virulent, Pantnagar isolate of T. indica were used for the development of immunoassay systems, viz. dot immune binding assay (DIBA) and indirect enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) procedures. The immuno-assays were developed by performing antigen concentration kinetics and antibody dilution curves analyses. These assays were eimploycd for immuno-analysis of diversity amongst KB pathogen based on antibodies reactivity pattern and subsequently categorization into distinct sero-groups. The reactivity of two polyclonal antibodies was tested with 15 (P₁-P₁₅) isolates of T.indica. When anti-LMA antibodies were tested, four serologically distinct groups were formed based on percent reactivity (>75%, highly reactive: 60-75%; moderately reactive, <50-25%: low reactive and <25%, non-reactive). However, when anti-FMA antibodies were used, two distinct sero-groups were formed based on reactivity patterns (group I, highly reactive P₁, P₃ P₄ ,P₁₁ and P₁₃, group II. less reactive P₂ P₄, P₅, P₆, P₇, P₈,P₉, P₁₀, P₁₂P₁₄ and P₁₅). Page(s): 255-261

Melatonin produced metabolic changes in testis and did not prevent indomethacin-induced testicular lipid peroxidation in adult rat

Sat, 01 Mar 2003 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Melatonin produced metabolic changes in testis and did not prevent indomethacin-induced testicular lipid peroxidation in adult rat Authors: Hemieda, Faried Abdel-Kader EI-Sayed Abstract: Melatonin was orally given to rats at the dosage of 0.75 mg/rat/day for 7 days and challenged on the day 7 with a single toxic dose of indomethacin (20mg/kg, intramuscularly) to test either protection afforded by melatonin against indomethacin induced oxidative tissue damage or effects of repeated adiministration of this hormone on some testicular metabolic parameters. The results showed increased lipid peroxidation, as evidenced by the formation of thioba rbituric acid reactive substances, accommpanied by non- significantly decreased glutathione content in the testis of rats treated with indomethacin. However, prior adiministration of melatonin failed to prevent indomethacin -induced testicular lipid peroxidation. No change in the production of lipid peroxidation and glutathione was observed as well after treatment with melatonin alone. Meanwhile, exogenous melatonin inhibited testicular levels of total lipid, total protein, and activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. All treated rats exhibited unchanged activity of both acid phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. The results indicated inability of oral administration of melatonin to prevent some of the oxidative damaging effects of indomethacin in the rat testis. In addition, the study provided an evidence that melatonin has an inhibitory action on the testicular metabolism in adult rats and thereby suggests a possible role of this hormone in modulating functions of rat testis. Page(s): 220-224

A comparative study of allitin and garlic on lipid turnover in a teleost, Anabas testudineus (Bloch)

Sat, 01 Mar 2003 00:00:00 GMT

Title: A comparative study of allitin and garlic on lipid turnover in a teleost, Anabas testudineus (Bloch) Authors: Johnson, Cyril; Banerji, A; Oommen, Oommen V Abstract: Both allitin and garlic have anti-lipogenic properties substantiated by the activity of three lipogenic enzymes and lipid profiles. The rise in the HDL levels and simultaneous fall in the LDL upon garlic intake is the most convincing indicator of reduced lipid concentration. However, the administration of allitin recorded a decrease in the HDL and LDL levels, but when calculated on a percentage basis, there was a marginal increase in the HDL level. On the basis of results, it can be concluded that garlic or its derivatives have hypolipidaemic effect in submammalian vertebrates also. The cholesterol lowering effect of allitin and garlic can be commercially exploited for producing fish with low cholesterol for possible human consumption. Page(s): 242-247