NOPR Collection:

Quantitative industrial Analysis of Lignocellulosic Composition in Typical Agro- Residues and Extraction of Inner Hemicelluloses with Ionic Liquid

Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Quantitative industrial Analysis of Lignocellulosic Composition in Typical Agro- Residues and Extraction of Inner Hemicelluloses with Ionic Liquid Authors: Yao, Shun; Yang, Ying-ying; Song, Hang; Wang, Yan; Wan, Hai-qing Abstract: The contents of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin were first analyzed and compared in three agro-industrial residues; and then a new method was developed to extract hemicelluloses with ionic liquid. The study investigated the effect of the extraction conditions and optimized them by Box-Behnken experiment design. When the ionic liquid concentration was 30.08 %, temperature was 90.31 °C, reaction time was 4.10 h and the ratio of liquid/solid was 25.97, the yield of hemicelluloses could reach 52.02 %. The green extraction solvent could be efficiently recycled for five times. Moreover, the chemical structure and thermal stability of obtained hemicelluloses were characterized. Page(s): 58-63

Steady State Thermal Analysis of Gas Turbine Power Plant Cycles at Higher Temperatures

Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Steady State Thermal Analysis of Gas Turbine Power Plant Cycles at Higher Temperatures Authors: Kumar, A; Kachhwaha, S S; Mishra, R S Abstract: Increasing the cost of fuels, growing concern of global warming and increasing demand of electrical energy, a compact, less polluting and efficient gas turbine power plant with regenerator and a suitable Waste Heat Recovery Steam Generator (WHRSG) presents a very attractive concept. Developments in metallurgical sciences, protective coatings and cooling methods have provided the options to design the components and a higher Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) may be achievable in near future. A design and analysis methodology for thermodynamic evaluation of the gas turbine cycles has been developed, validated and applied for the analysis. The analysis reveals that a higher TIT (1900K) is possible to achieve higher performance (70% first law efficiency and 55% second law efficiency) with lower fuel consumptions and pressure ratio (20). Page(s): 52-57

Emission characteristics of sunflower oil based bio-compatible blends of 2T oil

Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Emission characteristics of sunflower oil based bio-compatible blends of 2T oil Authors: Senthilkumar, G; Balamurugan, K; Mohanraj, J Abstract: Environmental concerns have increased the interest in bio-lubricants which causes many manufacturers to reconsider vegetable oils as base stocks. In this work, the sunflower methyl ester formation by means of transesterification was studied. Taguchi’s methodology (L subscript 9 orthogonal array) was chosen for the optimisation of the most important variables (molar ratio, catalyst concentration and stirrer speed) in transesterfication process. Maximum yield (90%) of sunflower methyl ester (SFME) percentage was obtained for the base oil-methanol molar ratio of 10:3 with 0.5% by weight of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) stirred at 1100 rpm. Lubricant properties of SFME were tested and emission test was performed in two stroke petrol engine with different blends of SFME and commercial 2T oil. Results showed that 20% SFME blend reduces nitrogen oxide (NOx) and unburned hydro carbon (HC). Page(s): 48-51

Microwave assisted and classical synthesis of symmetric double Schiff bases of 1, 1’-bis (4-amino-3-methylphenyl) cyclohexane and their antimicrobial assay

Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Microwave assisted and classical synthesis of symmetric double Schiff bases of 1, 1’-bis (4-amino-3-methylphenyl) cyclohexane and their antimicrobial assay Authors: Aghera, V K; Ghumara, R Y; Parsania, P H Abstract: Symmetric double Schiff bases have been synthesized by microwave assisted and classical facile condensation reaction of aromatic aldehydes and 1,1’-bis(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)cyclohexane. The structure of Schiff bases are supported by FTIR, UV, ¹H NMR and MS techniques. Microwave technique yielded improved reaction yields (88-96) and drastic reduction in reaction time (0.5-2.2 min). They possess mild to comparable antibacterial activity and mild antifungal activity as compared to chosen standard drugs. Page(s): 43-47