NOPR Collection:

Comparative study on the removal of copper (II) and nickel (II) from aqueous soluion using cellulose extracted from sisal fiber and cellulose grafted acrylonitrile copolymer

Mon, 01 Sep 2014 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Comparative study on the removal of copper (II) and nickel (II) from aqueous soluion using cellulose extracted from sisal fiber and cellulose grafted acrylonitrile copolymer Authors: Hajeeth, T; Gomathi, T; Sudha, P N Abstract: Batch adsorption studies have been carried out to remove Cu (II) and Ni (II) ion from aqueous solution using cellulose extracted from sisal fiber and cellulose-g-acrylonitrile copolymer by steam explosion method. The effect of pH, contact time and amount of adsorbent dose have also been investigated for both cellulose extracted from sisal fiber and cellulose-g-acrylonitrile copolymer . From the observed results, it is evident that the adsorption of metal ions increases with the increase in contact time and adsorbent dosage. The optimum pH is found to be 5.0 for the removal of copper (II) and nickel (II) for both the extracted cellulose and cellulose-g-acrylonitrile copolymer. The adsorption kinetics of cellulose and cellulose-g-acrylonitrile is found to follow pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The experimental data are fitted to Langmuir adsorption isotherms for both cellulose extracted from sisal fiber and cellulose-g-acrylonitrile copolymer. From the results it is concluded that the cellulose graft acrylonitrile copolymer is found to be efficient adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqeous solutions. Page(s): 328-337

Effect of alkali treatment process parameters on semi refined carrageenan functional groups

Mon, 01 Sep 2014 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Effect of alkali treatment process parameters on semi refined carrageenan functional groups Authors: Anisuzzaman, S M; Bono, Awang; Krishnaiah, Duduku; Ariffin, Buhri; Lee, Ricky Abstract: Semi refined carrageenan (SRC) has been produced by alkali treatment from the seaweed Kappaphytus alvarezii. The effect of two alkali treatment process parameters; variation of potassium hydroxide (KOH) concentration and cooking temperature on SRC functional group has been investigated. The KOH concentration and temperature are in the range of 6-9%w/w and 60-80°C respectively at 60 min. The SRC powder is prepared using spray drying technique of SRC solution. The total absorption or compositions functional groups of SRC powder have been determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The analysis of experimental data shows that the investigated functional group composition of SRC produced is very much affected by KOH concentration. The predicted values of functional groups of sulphation, 3,6-anhydrous-G-galactose and D-galactose-4-sulphate are 1233.93, 928.41, 848.12 cm^-1 respectively. Page(s): 386-391

Removal of molybdenum (VI) from effluent waste water streams by cross flow micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) using anionic, non-ionic and mixed surfactants

Mon, 01 Sep 2014 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Removal of molybdenum (VI) from effluent waste water streams by cross flow micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) using anionic, non-ionic and mixed surfactants Authors: Yobilishetty, Swathi M; Marathe, K V Abstract: Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration (MEUF) has been used to remove dissolved molybdenum efficiently from the waste streams by using two surfactants: sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Tween 20 in a lab-scale membrane system. Effect of feed flow rate, time, molar ratio of surfactant to metal (S/M ratio), feed pH and feed molybdenum concentration on %rejection of molybdenum has been studied. Effect of non-ionic (Tween 20) and mixed surfactant (SDS + Tween 20) on %rejection of molybdenum is also studied. Molybdenum is removed by 90.3% at optimized parameters (feed flow rate, time, S/M ratio, pH, feed molybdenum concentration, concentration of SDS) and non-ionic and mixed surfactants removed molybdenum by 92 and 90.4% respectively. Distribution coefficient, loading of micelles and micellar binding constants have been calculated for both the anionic surfactant and mixed surfactant from experimental results. Gel layer formation is found to be negligible since all experiments have been carried out at low range of pollutants. Page(s): 321-327

A low cost adsorbent prepared from Curcuma angustifolia scales for removal of Basic violet 14 from aqueous solution

Mon, 01 Sep 2014 00:00:00 GMT

Title: A low cost adsorbent prepared from Curcuma angustifolia scales for removal of Basic violet 14 from aqueous solution Authors: Suresh, S; Sugumar, R Wilfred; Maiyalagan, T Abstract: The adsorption characteristics of a low cost adsorbent prepared from Curcuma angustifolia scales (CA) for the removal of Basic Violet 14 from aqueous solution has been investigated. The experimental data have been analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The results show that the adsorption isotherm is best defined by the Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption capacity is found to be 208.33 mg/g for the prepared low cost adsorbent. The adsorption capacity of the prepared low cost adsorbent is superior compared with that of the adsorption capacity of calgon carbon. The kinetic data result at different concentrations have been analysed using pseudo first-order and pseudo-second order model. Boyd plot indicate that the adsorption of dye onto the low cost adsorbent and calgon carbon is controlled by film diffusion. Thermodynamic analysis indicate that the adsorption process is endothermic in nature. The adsorbent is characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The material used in this study is an agricultural waste product, economical to use as an alternative to costlier adsorbents and can be an attractive option for dye removal in wastewater treatment processes in industries. Page(s): 368-378