NOPR Collection: Special Issue on Ethnopharmacology and Validation of Traditional Medicine

Antioxidant potential of garlic and turmeric mixture–A Traditional Indonesian formulation

Thu, 01 Oct 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Antioxidant potential of garlic and turmeric mixture–A Traditional Indonesian formulation Authors: Sukandar, E Y; Adnyana, I K; Nurfitria, R S Abstract: Garlic (Allium sativum L.) and Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) are known as cooking spices and as traditional drugs that can control several diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Many studies on garlic and turmeric have been done previously in the laboratory. Antioxidant deactivates free radicals which involve in many diseases such as atherosclerosis, aging, immune suppression, cancer and diabetes. Herbal medicine usually used in combination to enhance the activity. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of combination of garlic and turmeric. In this study, antioxidant activity of garlic bulb water extract and turmeric ethanol extract had been examined in vitro using DPPH method and activity of the extract and its combination had been examined using lipid peroxidation method in vitro and in Swiss Webster female rats ex vivo. The EC₅₀ of in vitro DPPH scavenging of garlic and turmeric extracts were 4237.61 and 104.91 µg/mL and the lipid peroxidation scavenging of garlic, turmeric, and garlic-turmeric (1:1) extracts were 4270.1, 2001.12, and 1631.13 µg/mL, respectively. Garlic and turmeric extract of 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) each and combination of both 50-50 and 200-200 mg/kg bw scavenged lipid peroxidation significantly compared to control by 35.40, 22.71, 19.75, and 34.55 % (p<0.05). Combination of garlic and turmeric extract showed higher antioxidant activity in vitro compared to each extract, but in ex-vivo study showed similar effect. Page(s): 632-636

Possible herb-drug interaction of Morus alba L.- a potential anti-diabetic plant from Indian Traditional medicine

Thu, 01 Oct 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Possible herb-drug interaction of Morus alba L.- a potential anti-diabetic plant from Indian Traditional medicine Authors: Kar, Amit; Mukherjee, Pulok K; Saha, Sankarshan; Bahadur, Shiv; Ahmmed, SK Milan; Pandit, Subrata Abstract: In the Indian System of Medicine, M. alba L. leaves are widely used for the management diabetes and as a general tonic to enhance health. The present study was designed to standardize the extract of Morus alba by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and exploration of the herb drug interaction potential through inhibition of Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Quantification of bioactive constituent in the plant extract was determined by RP-HPLC method. The plant extract and single bioactive molecule were studied for their inhibition potential on pooled CYP450, as well as recombinant human CYP450 is forms such as CYP3A4, CYP2D6, CYP2C9 and CYP1A2 isozymes. The inhibition potential of the plant extract is higher than the single bioactive molecule. Plant extract and its phyto-constituent showed significantly higher IC₅₀ value than respective positive control against CYP3A4, 2D6, 2C9 and 1A2. Interaction potential of phyto-constituent and the plant extracts with pooled CYP450 were significantly lesser (p<0.05; p<0.01; P<0.001) than known CYP450 inhibitors. The present findings suggested that plant extract and its bioactive compound contributed negligible herb drug interactions and safe to use in diabetes management. Page(s): 626-631

Simultaneous determination of ursolic acid and eugenol from Ocimum sanctum L. cultivated by organic and non-organic farming

Thu, 01 Oct 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Simultaneous determination of ursolic acid and eugenol from Ocimum sanctum L. cultivated by organic and non-organic farming Authors: Itankar, Prakash R; Tauqeer, Mohammad; Dalal, Jayshree S; Chatole, Pranali G Abstract: Worldwide revolution for the improvement of people safety is gaining momentum; hence drug safety for the subject becomes even more prominent in the present day scenario. Sothat, organic farming becomes a topic of general interest all over the globe. In the present study an attempt has been made to develop a simple, precise, rapid and cost-effective high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for simultaneous quantitative estimation of ursolic acid and eugenol in organically and non-organically cultivated Ocimum sanctum L.. The aqueous extracts of organically (OOS) & non-organically (NOS) cultivated Ocimum sanctum were investigated for its phyto-constituents using HPTLC studies. Linear regression data for the calibration curves of standards, viz. ursolic acid and eugenol showed a good linear relationship over a concentration range of 0.2-1.4 µg/spot, 1.0-7.0 µg/spot respectively with the correlation coefficient of 0.99909 and 0.99914 respectively and thus exhibits good linearity between concentration and area. The Ocimum sanctum (OOS) confirmed its better quality with reference to its higher contents of ursolic acid (0.17) and eugenol (1.77). The proposed HPTLC method was found to be rapid, simple and linear for quantitative estimation of ursolic acid and eugenol in the extracts. Page(s): 620-625

Inhibition potential of Moringa oleifera Lam. on drug metabolizing enzymes

Thu, 01 Oct 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Inhibition potential of Moringa oleifera Lam. on drug metabolizing enzymes Authors: Ahmmed, SK Milan; Mukherjee, Pulok K; Bahadur, Shiv; Kar, Amit; Al-Dhabi, Naif Abdullah; Duraipandiyan, V Abstract: The leaves of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Family: Moringaceae) has been traditionally used in Indian system of medicine (ISM) for its wide spectrum of pharmacological effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of standardized M. oleifera extract and its biomolecule chlorogenic acid on drug metabolizing enzymes (CYP450) which may cause interaction. The amount of chlorogenic acid was determined by using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). CYP-CO complex assay and fluorescence assay were followed for this study by using rat liver micro some (RLM) and two key isozymes CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. The hydro-alcoholic extract of M. oleifera contains 2.99 % (w/w) of chlorogenic acid by HPTLC analysis. The CYP-CO complex assay showed 23.45 ± 0.78 % inhibition on RLM. The fluorescence study revealed that both the extract and chlorogenic acid (IC₅₀: 127.36 ± 2.98, 146.50 ± 3.46 µg/mL and 133.73 ± 1.79, 159.22 ± 3.53 µg/mL) had some inhibition with both isozymes CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 but very less in comparison to their respective positive inhibitors ketoconazole and quinidine. Thus it may be concluded that M. oleifera extract has very less potential to inhibit the CYP isozymes, so traditional use of this plant may be safe. Page(s): 614-619