NOPR Collection:

pH-induced reversible molecular self-assembly of perylene based imidazolate ester: a probable marker for biological species

Thu, 01 Feb 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: pH-induced reversible molecular self-assembly of perylene based imidazolate ester: a probable marker for biological species Authors: Saba, N; Swain, J; Dey, RK; Padhy, AK Abstract: Dianhydrides of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid (PTCDA) provide an excellent backbone for design and synthesis of various molecules of interest. Many water-soluble perylene derivatives with stimuli responded functionality being reported but there is few pH responded perylene derivatives were synthesized. The PTCDA derivatives so far synthesized are pH sensitive. These derivatives in an acid medium exist in its monomer form and undergo self-assembly with an increase in pH. In this paper, we report synthesis of pH-sensitive perylene based imidazolate ester, which exists in monomer form at pH 12 and undergo self-assembly with the decrease in pH contrary to the earlier reports. This phenomenon can be well explained for a probable marker in biological processes occurring specifically at pH 12. Page(s): 7-11

Acute toxicity of copper sulphate on Catla catla larvae and its effect on expression of three commonly used housekeeping genes

Thu, 01 Feb 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Acute toxicity of copper sulphate on Catla catla larvae and its effect on expression of three commonly used housekeeping genes Authors: Kumari, Kavita; Krishna, Gopal; Pathakota, Gireesh Babu; Annam, Pavan Kumar; Kumar, Shivendra Abstract: Pisces are commonly used to study the effects of metals, including copper on the environment. However, until now only scant information is available about the responses induced by waterborne copper during early life stages and housekeeping gene expression in fishes. In the present study, we evaluated acute toxicity of copper sulphate on larvae of Catla catla and also the stability of expression of three housekeeping genes, beta-actin (β-actin), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1α). The results have shown increased mortality of Catla catla larvae with the increased concentration of copper sulphate. The median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of copper sulphate at the end of 96 h exposure was 1.032 ppm. During the challenge test of copper sulphate, the minimal coefficient of variation (CV) and stability index were observed for GAPDH and maximum for β-actin indicating minimum variation of GAPDH and maximum variation of β-actin. With the results, it can be concluded that GAPDH is most stable during copper sulphate challenge test on Catla catla larvae, followed by EF1α and β-actin. Page(s): 12-16

Functional validation of a water deficit stress responsive AP2/ERF family transcription factor-encoding gene in Oryza sativa

Thu, 01 Feb 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Functional validation of a water deficit stress responsive AP2/ERF family transcription factor-encoding gene in Oryza sativa Authors: Mawlong, Ibandalin; Ali, Kishwar; Tyagi, Aruna Abstract: Cloning of drought responsive genes and validating their function are essential to crop improvement. In the present study, a drought responsive AP2/ERF family transcription factor was isolated from drought-tolerant Oryza sativa L. cv N-22 (AP2/ERF-‘N-22’). Embryogenic calli produced in vitro from dehusked mature seeds of rice were bombarded with a gene construct containing AP2/ERF-N22, driven under inducible promoter RD29A from Arabidopsis using the Biolistic method. The bombarded calli were selected on hygromycin-containing selection medium. Molecular analysis of regenerated plants confirmed the integration and enhanced expression of the gene under water deficit stress (WDS). Transgenics showed 1.4 fold more expression as compared to wild-type (WT) under control condition and up to 2 fold more expression of AP2/ERF-‘N-22’ under water deficit stress as compared to WT. Molecular analysis of regenerated plants confirmed the integration and enhanced expression of the gene under water deficit stress. The transformation efficiency was found to be nil, 0.97% and 3.11% for overstored seeds ≥ a year, ≥a year and fresh seeds respectively. Transgenics showed 1.4 fold more expression under control condition and up to 2 fold more expression under WDS as compared to wild-type (WT). About 90% of the plants reached maturity and showed no negative phenotypic effects or aberrations as observed earlier under a constitutive promoter from that of the WT. Physiobiochemical analysis of transgenics showed enhanced drought tolerance. Page(s): 17-25

Changes in reactive oxygen scavenging systems and protein profiles in maize roots in response to nitric oxide under waterlogging stress

Thu, 01 Feb 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Changes in reactive oxygen scavenging systems and protein profiles in maize roots in response to nitric oxide under waterlogging stress Authors: Jaiswal, A; Srivastava, JP Abstract: Twenty days old pot grown seedlings of two genotypes of maize viz. HUZM-265 (waterlogging resistant) and HUZM-55 (waterlogging susceptible) were subjected to root zone waterlogging supplemented with 50, 500 and 2000 µmol/L sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as a donor of NO. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes and non-enzymes were quantified in terminal root portions at 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 h after waterlogging. In waterlogged plants, there was a significant increase in the levels of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and the increment was more in the resistant genotype. Levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants viz. ascorbic acid and phenols decreased, but to a lesser magnitude in the resistant genotype. After waterlogging, there was a differential pattern in variation in the levels of studied enzymes and non-enzymes with time. It is observed that ADH, CAT, and APX play a significant role to scavenge ROS at an early stage, while POX and SOD at later stages of waterlogging stress. In normal and waterlogged plants of HUZM-265, a low molecular weight protein of 20 kDa was visible, and at 500 and 2000 μmol/L SNP treatments another protein of 43 kDa appeared in this genotype under the influence of SNP. No such proteins were evident in HUZM-55. NO influenced studied parameters, but response varied with respect to genotypes, dose, and duration of waterlogging. Page(s): 26-33