NOPR Collection:

Value addition to soybean whey through microbial and enzymatic intervention

Sun, 01 Jul 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Value addition to soybean whey through microbial and enzymatic intervention Authors: Singh, Anshu; Banerjee, Rintu Abstract: The wide range of functional properties of soy protein and its high nutritive value makes it base of a novel food platform. Various products are in the market like soy protein isolate, soy protein concentrate, tofu, soymilk which are well accepted by the consumers. Nevertheless, soybean processing operations generate a large proportion of liquid effluent termed as soybean whey. This yellowish liquid waste can be functionally and nutritionally valuable because of their nutrient composition. Discarded whey is not only accountable for pollution problem, but also represents an economic and nutritional penalty in this era. Till now, there are only few reports on effective use of soybean whey, for this reason the present article emphasis to summarize all the extensive research developed for its utilization, so that soybean whey can be well recognized as a potential feedstock both for the microbial and enzymatic intervention. Page(s): 397-401

In vitro competence of vitrified bovine oocytes with open pulled straw

Sun, 01 Jul 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: In vitro competence of vitrified bovine oocytes with open pulled straw Authors: Dutta, D J; Sarmah, B C; Dev, Hiramoni; Raj, Himangshu Abstract: In vitro developmental competences of post thaw vitrified bovine cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were studied. Good qualities COCs were cryopreserved using vitrification solution comprising of 15 or 20% ethylene glycol (EG) + 15% or 20% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) + 0.6 M sucrose in tissue culture medium 199 (TCM199) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Immediately they were plunged in LN₂ for ultra- rapid freezing using open pulled straw. Thawing and dilution were made stepwise. Post thaw normal vitrified and non vitrified oocytes were subjected to in vitro maturation and fertilization. The performance in respect of post thaw survivality and in vitro maturation on the basis of cumulus cell expansion was more than 80%. In comparison, the non-vitrified COCs group, in vitro maturation performance was 93.12%. The in vitro fertilization performances of vitrified immature and mature post thaw oocytes were recorded as 50.65% and 56.16% with 17.95% and 19.51% of blastocysts formation, respectively. Ultra rapid freezing protocol using vitrification with open pulled straw technique i.e. 7.5 or 10% EG + 7.5 or 10% DMSO for equilibration at room temperature for 3 min and 15 or 20% EG + 15 or 20% DMSO + 0.6M sucrose as vitrification solution within 1 min, on immature bovine oocyte yielded acceptable in vitro oocyte growth and embryonic development. Page(s): 402-406

β-galactosidase from Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus reuteri: Optimization, characterization and formation of galactooligosaccharides

Sun, 01 Jul 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: β-galactosidase from Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus reuteri: Optimization, characterization and formation of galactooligosaccharides Authors: Gomaa, Eman Zakaria Abstract: Beta-galactosidase (β-gal) is one of the important commercial enzymes having several applications in food, pharmaceutical industry and in the synthesis of galactooligosaccharides known for their prebiotic properties. The production of β-gal from Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus reuteri was studied. The highest yield of β-gal was achieved using wheat flour as carbon source. Beef extract gave the highest value of enzymatic production by L. delbrueckii reached 24.25 U/ml, while L. reuteri produced the highest β-gal (20.20 U/ml) in the presence of peptone. The optimum β-gal activity was recorded on 15 mM O-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) at 40^oC and pH 7. Further enzyme activity was enhanced in the presence of Mg²⁺, Mn²⁺and Fe²⁺, while it was decreased by Ag⁺ and Ni⁺ for both strains. The production of galactooligosaccharides (GalOS) from lactose using the produced β-gal was investigated. The maximum yield of 40 and 35% (w/w) GalOS could be achieved with β-gal of L. delbrueckii and L. reuteri, respectively from 40% lactose solution at 40°C and pH 7. These characteristics of produced β-gal showed that it could be a promising candidate for various industrial as well as biotechnological applications. Page(s): 407-415

Application of mobilization gene promoter for heterologous expression and curing of plasmid pSMA23

Sun, 01 Jul 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Application of mobilization gene promoter for heterologous expression and curing of plasmid pSMA23 Authors: Sudhamani, M; Batish, V K; Heller, K J Abstract: Lactobacilli have been recognized as key members of the group of probiotic bacteria by virtue of expressing a wide spectrum of physiological functions beneficial to human health. Genetic modification of this genus requires the availability of tools for gene expression like promoter and suitable host vector systems. In the context, plasmid pSMA23 was cured from its native host Lactobacillus casei A23 by electroporation with a construct based on the pSMA23 replicon. Cured strain A23 can be employed as host for vectors or constructs based on the replicon of pSMA23 and for heterologous expression of genes. The promoter less gene cat194 coding for chloramphenicol resistance was cloned under the control of the putative mobilisation gene promoter present on the native plasmid pSMA23 of Lactobacillus casei A23. Constructs were electroporated into Lactobacillus casei LK1 and transformants were obtained on media containing chloramphenicol, indicating expression of the cat194 gene. The putative promoter is thus active and can be recruited for gene expression. Page(s): 416-421