NOPR Collection:

Effect of fly and pond ash on the maize and coconut crop

Fri, 01 Jun 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Effect of fly and pond ash on the maize and coconut crop Authors: Tripathi, R C; Jha, S K Abstract: In India, major source of energy is thermal power plants that contribute about 70% of the total energy requirement and produce huge amount of fly ash per year. The fly ash and pond ash collected from the Ramagundam Super Thermal Power Station, India were mixed with soil at different doses (50, 100 and 200 t ha^-1separately to compare their impact on crop yield and on soil characteristics. Ash application had a beneficial effect on the crop yield, apart from reduction in the required doses of chemical fertilizers by half of the recommended doses. Addition of ash resulted in a significant increase in the contents of nutrients in maize and groundnut crop produce. The uptake of toxic trace elements was below the threshold levels. The residual effect of ash on crop yield and nutrient composition of the subsequent maize and groundnut crops was also significant. The overall beneficial effect of ash could be attributed to the improvement in the soil. The results indicated that both the ashes could be applied safely for reclamation of uncultivated wastelands and pond ash is found better than the fly ash. Page(s): 7-15

Flood inundation modelling using coupled 1 D and 2 D Hydro-Dynamic modelling

Fri, 01 Jun 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Flood inundation modelling using coupled 1 D and 2 D Hydro-Dynamic modelling Authors: Patra, Jagdish Prasad; Kumar, Rakesh; Mani, Pankaj; Sapra, Tilak Raj Abstract: Flood is an overflow of water resulting submerges of land which is usually dry. There are many sources of flooding viz. river flooding, coastal flooding, surface water flooding, drain and sewer flooding, groundwater flooding etc. Whatever be the type of flooding it causes mass demolition of properties and affected human lives. This study envisages identification of various flooding sources, estimation of maximum floods and their routing through drainage system for a proposed industrial site. The digital elevation model (DEM) is developed for the study area from GPS points, 0-5 m interval contour map for the proposed industrial area and levels and contours extracted from survey of India topographical maps for the surrounding area. The L-moments based rainfall frequency analysis has been performed to estimate 1 day maximum rainfall for various return periods. The synthetic unit hydrographs are derived from catchment characteristics of the study area and flood hydrographs for 10, 25, 50 and 100 year return periods are computed. The two major source of flooding are: flow in the drain and rainfall induced catchment flooding are modelled using MIKE FLOOD package (a coupled 1D and 2-D flow analysis system). Flow through the drainage system from upstream catchment is modelled in 1-D MIKE 11 with a space interval of 100 m to get accurate representation of the drainage network. The bathymetry of the flood plain around the plant site at 5 m grid size is created from DEM in the 2-D modelling in MIKE-21. Local rainfall over the proposed industrial site is also modelled in the MIKE-21. The spills from drainage network due to upstream catchment flow and local rainfall are simulated in coupled MILE-11 and MIKE-21 i.e., MIKE FLOOD package- Various scenarios of flooding like flow in the drain and with and without rainfall of different return periods in the project site are simulated to develop corresponding flood inundation maps. Various other parameters like flood extent, depth, leve, duration and maximum flow velocity are also computed. The safe grade levels for the industrial site are proposed considering these parameters to safe guard the flood disaster. Page(s): 16-25

Analytical hierarchy process for sustainability assessment of public transport system in the context of indian traffic

Fri, 01 Jun 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Analytical hierarchy process for sustainability assessment of public transport system in the context of indian traffic Authors: Kumar, Ravindra; Kumar, Satish Abstract: The purpose of this article is to develop the methodology of the Analytical Hierarchy Process-AHP method to assess the sustainability Index of public transport systems and pedestrians. In this paper , the 17 indicators for assessment of the sustainability index of the public transport system (Seven under the economic indicators, four under the environmental categories and six under the social categories) has been selected for evaluation for the wider stability of transportation system. Their statistics have been collected by the passengers' survey in the South Delhi area on the basis of evaluation and priority. In these early outcomes, major parameters like, environmental pollution in the environment category, public health in social category and productivity in economic category are revealed for effective development of developing countries. The AHP method is implemented to establish benchmarking assessment and prioritization, making permanent indicators for the development of public transport system. In developing countries, the development of public transport system and the broad stability indicator for the public transportation in the field of study area can be used to evaluate permanent mitigation measures and their scenarios to improve public transportation system including pedestrian and feeder bus services. Page(s): 26-33

Study of Adsorption by fly ash for removing of Commercial phenyl

Fri, 01 Jun 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Study of Adsorption by fly ash for removing of Commercial phenyl Authors: Sharma, Himanshu; Sharma, Arun Kumar; Sen, Ram Shanker; Sharma, Rashmi; Prasad, D S N Abstract: The aim of this present work is to investigate the sorption potential of a modified and unmodified fly ash as a low-cost adsorbent material for the removal of phenyl from aquous medium. In this regard fly ash is a very attractive option, because it is cheap, widely available and has good mechanical stability for handling purposes and employment in adsorption columns. The effect of various factors such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, PH, temperature and initial adsorbent. A concentration on the sorption process was investigated under batch equilibrium technique using UV/Vis Spectrometry. The result obtained showed that the capacity of fly ash for adsorption of Phenyl depends on the initial PH and concentration of solutions. Page(s): 34-36