NOPR Collection:

Free radicals and antioxidants in normal versus cancerous cells — An overview

Fri, 01 Feb 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Free radicals and antioxidants in normal versus cancerous cells — An overview Authors: Shrivastava, Anju; Aggarwal, Lalit Mohan; Mishra, Surendra Pratap; Khanna, Hari Dev; Shahi, Uday Pratap; Pradhan, Satyajit Abstract: Oxygen is vital for aerobic processes of metabolism and respiration- It has been also implicated in many diseases and degenerative conditions. Free radicals formed from reactive oxygen and nitrogen species act as key players in the initiation and progression of tumor cells and enhance their metastatic potential. The imbalance in the formation and use of free radicals in the tissue creates oxidative stress. Inadequacy in normal cells antioxidant defense system or excessive free radical formation or even both can cause the cell to experience the oxidative stress. This review outlines the involvement of free radicals in different aspects of cancer, from prevention to initiation, progression, treatment and to reduce morbidity and mortality. Page(s): 7-19

Three dimensional structure prediction and ligand-protein interaction study of expansin protein ATEXPA23 from Arabidopsis thaliana L.

Fri, 01 Feb 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Three dimensional structure prediction and ligand-protein interaction study of expansin protein ATEXPA23 from Arabidopsis thaliana L. Authors: Basu, Anamika; Sarkar, Anasua; Maulik, Ujjwal; Basak, Piyali Abstract: Arabidopsis thaliana L. is a small flowering plant that is widely used as a model organism in plant biology. In the present study, we study the peripheral membrane protein ATEXPA23 from Arabidopsis thaliana L. using homology modelling and molecular docking. The microarray analysis shows expression of ATEXPA23 (AT5G39280) protein, which leads to loosening and extension of plant cell walls. This protein is differentially expressed during different stages of plant embryogenesis. It contains one expansin-like CBD domain and one expansin-like EG45 domain. ATEXPA23 belongs to the expansin family in expansin a subfamily. The 3D model after refinement is used to explore the xyloglucan binding characteristics of ATEXPA23 using AutoDock. The docking analysis shows that the surface exposed aromatic amino acid residues Phe 193 and Phe 265 interact with ligand xyloglucan through CH-л interaction. The binding energy values of docking reflect a stable conformation of the docked complex. The interaction of expansin protein with carbohydrate xyloglucan, present in hemicellulose structures of plant cell wall, is thoroughly analysed with cellotetrose and xyloglucan heptasaccharide using electrostatic potential calculation. This CH-л non-covalent interaction predominates on the cellulose-xyloglucan interaction in plant cell wall during cell growth. Page(s): 20-27

In silico interaction of hesperidin with some immunomodulatory targets: A docking analysis

Fri, 01 Feb 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: In silico interaction of hesperidin with some immunomodulatory targets: A docking analysis Authors: Ganeshpurkar, Aditya; Saluja, Ajay Abstract: Forms eternal era, plant, mineral and animal products are used as drugs for the treatment of various diseases. The use of medicinal plants for immunomodulation has a long history. The modern medicinal compounds find their leads in natural products. Immunomodulation amends the immune system of an individual by prying with its usual functions. Discovery of immunomodulators from natural sources has been comprehensively made to modulate the immune system to prevent diseases. Hesperidin has been investigated for its potential anti-inflammatory effects. Hesperidin demonstrated analgesic effects in experimental animals. The present study is focused on exploring the in silico interaction of hesperidin with some chemokines and inflammatory targets. In this study, hesperidin was docked with TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NOs. Docking studies revealed the excellent interaction of hesperidin with these targets. The result of this work provided an insight into the discovery of novel molecules for immunomodulation and treatment of inflammatory disorders. Additional studies on hesperidin and associated flavonoids are necessary to establish its safety. Hesperidin, can, therefore, can be considered as a candidate for development of an immunomodulatory agent. Page(s): 28-33

Nitric oxide induced polarization of myometrium cells plasmalemma revealed by application of fluorescent dye 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine

Fri, 01 Feb 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Nitric oxide induced polarization of myometrium cells plasmalemma revealed by application of fluorescent dye 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine Authors: Danylovych, Hanna V; Danylovych, Yuriy V; Kosterin, Sergiy O Abstract: The fluorescence probe 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine was employed to estimate NO-induced changes of myometrium cells plasma membrane and mitochondria membrane potential by the methods of flow cytometry and spectrofluorimetry. The donors of NO, sodium nitroprusside and sodium nitrite were shown to increase the plasma membrane potential. The polarization of the plasma membrane exhibited by applied nitro-compounds was appreciable at physiologically significant concentrations of extracellular Ca²⁺. The rise of membrane potential has not been achieved as dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca²⁺-channels were blocked by nitrendipine or nonselective inhibitors of K⁺ channels, 4-aminopyridine, and tetraethylammonium. Nitro compounds-induced inhibition of high-potassium membrane depolarization was time-dependent. In conclusion, NO caused the increase in membrane potential of myometrium cells at the state of functional rest due to the stimulation of Ca²⁺-dependent K⁺-permeability of the plasma membrane and counteracted membrane depolarization thus, suggesting the increased susceptibility of myocytes to myoconstriction factors. Page(s): 34-45