NOPR Collection:

Small-scale fisheries: Overview, importance, vulnerabilities and management

Fri, 01 Feb 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Small-scale fisheries: Overview, importance, vulnerabilities and management Authors: Noman, Muhammad; Mohsin, Muhammad; Bukhari, Gulzar Ali Shah; Hamid, Zainab; Mehak, Ana Abstract: The objective of this study is to develop an understanding of the concept related to small-scale fisheries (SSF) and to highlight its role in various dimensions. SSF contributes about 50% in the global fish catch and supplies food for local, national, and global markets. SSF also plays a major role in social and economic benefits to communities including poverty alleviation, nutrition, food security, livelihoods and supporting their local cultures. Nevertheless, communities that depend on SSF are at risk. The plausible reasons for these hazards include climate change, habitat loss, and overfishing, which not only contribute to the declining health of the oceans but also threaten this sector itself. Mostly, SSF lacks scientific information to access resources, which results in sustainable management failure of this sector. Page(s): 183-192

Environmental pollution and pattern formation of Harsin–Sahneh ophiolitic complex (NE Kermanshah—west of Iran)

Fri, 01 Feb 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Environmental pollution and pattern formation of Harsin–Sahneh ophiolitic complex (NE Kermanshah—west of Iran) Authors: Moradpour, Ali; Sahamieh, Reza Zarei; Khalaji, Ahmad Ahmadi; Sarikhani, Ramin Abstract: To determine and estimate the environmental impact of certain elements- 10 soil samples from various areas in these massifs have been investigated. The obtained results show that most of heavy and major elements were exceeding the permissible levels in soil samples in the study area. On the subject of soil quality, concentrations of elements Cr, Mn, Fe, Ca, Mg, Ca, Ni, and Zn are above permissible levels. Comparing the concentrations of elements with results of grain size analysis illustrates that the concentrations of Cr, Ni, Fe, Mg, and Co are positively correlated with sand fraction and the concentrations of Al, P, Mn, and Pb are directly proportional with clay fraction in soil samples. Petrographic evidence indicates that this ophiolitic sequence consists of both mantle and crustal suites. In this complex, generally lithologies include harzburgitic and lherzolitic peridotites, isotropic and mylonitic gabbros, dyke complex, basaltic pillow lavas, and small out crop of plagiogranite. The mineral chemistry of Harsin mafic rocks is island arc setting for this part of complex and geochemistry of mafic and ultramafic rocks of Sahneh region displaying P-type mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) nature. Page(s): 193-204

Nutritional, textural and quality attributes of white and dark muscles of little tuna (Euthynnus affinis)

Fri, 01 Feb 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Nutritional, textural and quality attributes of white and dark muscles of little tuna (Euthynnus affinis) Authors: Kannaiyan, Sathish Kumar; Bagthasingh, Chrisolite; Vetri, Vijayarahavan; Aran, Shanmugam Seerappalli; Venkatachalam, Kaliyamurthi Abstract: The proximate composition, fatty acid profile, texture, colour and freshness of white and dark muscles of little tuna (Euthynnus affinis) were investigated. The moisture content was higher in white muscle (75.52±0.13%) compared to that in dark muscle (74.85±0.10%). Both white and dark muscle had higher levels of protein, 23.12± 0.13% and 23.15± 0.02%, respectively. Analysis of fatty acid profile by gas chromatography showed that the dark muscle had high levels of eicosapentaenoie acid (C20:5) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6) compared to white muscle. Texture profile analysis showed that dark muscle had higher values for hardness (3.74±0.15kgF), whereas adhesiveness, cohesiveness, springiness and chewiness values were greater for white muscle. Colour analysis revealed dark muscle had lower L* value than that of white muscle. The total volatile base nitrogen, tri - methyl amine, texture profile analysis and histamine contents were higher in dark muscle. Overall nutritional quality of dark muscle was superior to that of white muscle. Page(s): 205-211

In vivo administration of fucoidan from Turbinaria decurrens protects shrimps from white spot syndrome virus

Fri, 01 Feb 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Title: In vivo administration of fucoidan from Turbinaria decurrens protects shrimps from white spot syndrome virus Authors: Meenakshi, S.; Saravanan, R.; Balasubramanian, T.; Palavesam, A. Abstract: Fucoidan was extracted from the brown seaweed Turbinaria decurrens by hot water extraction and characterized with HPLC, FTIR, NMR and GPC to study the impact against the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), bacteria and fungi. Fucoidan was fed for shrimps along with the diet (before and after WSSV infection). In the end of the study, the survival percentage of shrimp was 51% (in the case of 5-8 g) and 97% (in the case of 12-15 g), respectively. Among the 10 bacterial pathogens and 7 fungal pathogens, fucoidan inhibited 2 bacterial pathogen such as S. aureus (0.26±0.02 mm) and E. faecalis (1.3±0.1 mm) and A. Niger (0.84 ± 0.03 mm) in fungal pathogens with clear zone of inhibition. Page(s): 212-216