NOPR Collection:

Microbial and analytical characterization of Chhu-A traditional fermented milk product of the Sikkim Himalayas

Fri, 01 Sep 2006 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Microbial and analytical characterization of Chhu-A traditional fermented milk product of the Sikkim Himalayas Authors: Dewan, Sailendra; Tamang, Jyoti Prakash Abstract: Chhu, a traditional fermented milk product prepared from cow milk or yak milk in Sikkim, India, contains: lactic acid bacteria (LAB), 8.1-8.8; yeasts, 6.0-6.9; and total viable counts, 8.9-9.2 Log cfu/g. No mould was detected, LAB were identified as Lactobacillus alimentarius, Lb. farciminis, Lb. salivarius, Lb. bifermentans. Lb. brevis and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, all of which showed a high degree of hydrophobicity, suggesting a possible probiotic character, Yeasts were identified as Saccharonivcopsis crataegensis and Candida castellii. LAB produced a wide spectrum of enzymes. None of the strains produced bacteriocin and biogenic amines. Most strains of LAB coagulated skim milk with a moderate drop in pH. A proximate composition of Chhu was similar to a typical cheese. Page(s): 747-752

Development of bitumen emulsion based cold mix technology for construction of roads under different climatic conditions of India

Fri, 01 Sep 2006 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Development of bitumen emulsion based cold mix technology for construction of roads under different climatic conditions of India Authors: Pundhir, N K S; Nunda, P K Abstract: To develop environment and ceo-friendly cold mix technology, field trials were conducted using bitumen emulsion on Jammu-Srinagar Highway NH-1A near Patnitop (J&K) under snow bound arc a, Jowai-Badarpur Road NH-44 near Silchar (Assam) under heavy rainfall and H-S Road near Hanumangarh (Rajasthan) under desert climate. Specifications adopted were 25 mm semi dense bituminous concrete (SDBC) and 20 mm premix carpet (PMC) for laying test sections with bitumen emulsion and control section with paving bitumen 80/100. Laboratory mix design for SDBC with bitumen emulsion was developed using Marshall method. Marshall specimens or cold mix were prepared, cured at 40°C for 3 days and tested at 25°C for stability and flow value. Post construction performance evaluation has been carried out at 6-month intervals for 5-6 years. SDBC and PMC with bitumen emulsion performed better or comparable with that of conventional paving grade bitumen. Due to low viscosity, bitumen emulsion penetrated into cracks and helped in sealing them during tack coating, which resulted into retardation of reflective cracks on overlays. Performance of SDBC with bitumen emulsion was also found comparable with that of paving grade bitumen. Page(s): 729-743

Effect of lithological variations of mine roof on chock shield support using numerical modeling technique

Fri, 01 Sep 2006 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Effect of lithological variations of mine roof on chock shield support using numerical modeling technique Authors: Verma, A K; Deb, D Abstract: Interaction between chock shield supports, the most popular powered supports in Indian longwall mines, and surrounding coal measure strata is analyzed using finite element models. Thickness and material properties of the main roof, the immediate roof and the coal seam are varied to simulate various geological conditions of Indian coal measure strata. Contact/gap elements are inserted in between the main roof and overburden layer to allow strata separation. Nonlinear material properties are applied with plastic corrections based on Drucker-Prager yield criterion. This paper illustrates effects of lithological variations on shield load, abutment stress, yield zone and longwall face convergence. Page(s): 702-712

Effect of thermal and redox initiator on emulsion copolymerization of styrene – butyl acrylate and comparison of paint properties

Fri, 01 Sep 2006 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Effect of thermal and redox initiator on emulsion copolymerization of styrene – butyl acrylate and comparison of paint properties Authors: Khan, A K; Roy, B C; Dolui, S K Abstract: Emulsion copolymerization of styrene with butylacrylate was carried out by thermal and redox initiator. The effect of initiator on molecular weight of the polymer and performance of surface coatings has been described. Page(s): 744-746