NOPR Collection:

The pharmacological potential of catechin

Thu, 01 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Title: The pharmacological potential of catechin Authors: Ganeshpurkar, Aditya; Saluja, Ajay Abstract: The contemporary scientific community has presently recognized flavonoids to be a unique class of therapeutic molecules due to their diverse therapeutic properties. Of these, catechin, also, has been explored for a number of pharmacological effects. The present review aims to document the therapeutic potential of catechin. Tea leave, catechu, and much more possess catechin as one of the active constituents. Today, catechin has been observed for its nutraceutical effect. The objective of this review is to examine the evidence of the effectiveness and pharmacological effects of catechin. Preclinical, as well as randomized controlled clinical trials pertaining to studies of catechin,are included in the study. Chemical properties of catechin and its structure-activity relationship about various biological activities have also been documented. The review revealed protective effects of catechin on functions and integrity of liver, kidney, heart , and age-related memory impairment. Catechin demonstrated the antimicrobial, anticancer, antihypertensive, anticoagulant , and antiulcer effect. The present review highlights the current information and the health-promoting effects of catechin. Along with this, the chemotherapeutic potential of the same has also been discussed. Page(s): 505-511

Diabetes in the time of COVID-19 pandemic: A knife with two sharp ends

Thu, 01 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Diabetes in the time of COVID-19 pandemic: A knife with two sharp ends Authors: Ghosh, Shatabdi; Dey, Sanjit; Ghosh, Sujoy Abstract: Interactions of current pandemic COVID-19 and pre-existing major health burden Diabetes Mellitus have posed a serious global public health crisis. The emergence of COVID-19 as a communicable viral infection along with the presence of non-communicable diabetes, have transformed the health system into a knife with two sharp ends. Though diabetes worldwide is almost 20 times more than COVID-19 positive cases, the severe virulence and pathogenesis coincides with the routine treatment and pathogenesis of diabetes making it one of the most serious comorbid factors. The first three deaths due to COVID-19 reported in China were diabetes patients. The severity of the association of diabetes with COVID-19 ranges from 5 to 20%. Type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus increase the susceptibility to infections and their complications. The present study was attempted to review probable interaction between these two global health burdens and possible suggestive management to control their detrimental effect. An intensive online search was conducted using two databases, PubMed and Google Scholar. Most hypothesized pathways for COVID-19 infection are the ACE2 receptors and RAAS system followed by the DPP4 receptor pathway. This review proposes that proper and timely management of the COVD-19 patients with diabetes comorbidity might reduce COVID-19 disease burden. Page(s): 512-520

MicroRNA-9-5p inhibits osteosarcoma cell promotion, metastasis and resistance to apoptosis via negatively targeting Grb2-associated binding protein 2

Thu, 01 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Title: MicroRNA-9-5p inhibits osteosarcoma cell promotion, metastasis and resistance to apoptosis via negatively targeting Grb2-associated binding protein 2 Authors: Wang, Fengbo; Wang, Ke; Tang, MingWei; Wang, Qiongfen; Wei, XiaFei Abstract: The study explores the inhibition effects of MicroRNAs in osteosarcoma, as a means of suggesting it as treatment for bone cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a sort of noncoding RNA molecules that regulates gene expression by targeting mRNAs and play critical roles in tumor development. This study probed the effect of miR-9-5p on osteosarcoma development. Human osteosarcoma cell lines U2-OS, 143B, MG63 and HOS and normal human osteoblast cell line hFOB were cultivated and expression of miR-9-5p and Grb2-associated binding protein 2 (Gab2) measured. The binding of miR-9-5p and Gab2 was confirmed using a bio-information program and dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Loss-of-functions of miR-9-5p and Gab2 were performed to measure their roles in osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion, migration and resistance to death. Result showed high miR-9-5p expression and low Gab2 expression in osteosarcoma cells, particularly in U2-OS cells. miR-9-5p directly bound to the 3¢untranslated region of Gab2. Down-regulated miR-9-5p induced U2-OS cell proliferation, invasion and the resistance to death, while conversely, silenced Gab2 led to an opposite trend on U2-OS cell growth and metastasis. Moreover, co-effect of inhibited miR-9-5p and silenced Gab2 led to decreased cell proliferation but promoted cell apoptosis compared to inhibited miR-9-5p alone, while it led to enhanced cell proliferation and invasion, but reduced cell apoptosis compared to silenced Gab2 alone. To conclude, this study demonstrated that miR-9-5p could inhibit osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion, migration and resistance to death via negatively targeting Gab2. Page(s): 521-529

Theoretical insight into the antioxidant, electronic and anticancer behaviour of simmondsin

Thu, 01 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Theoretical insight into the antioxidant, electronic and anticancer behaviour of simmondsin Authors: Kiraz, Aslı Öztürk Abstract: Simmondsin is a type of flavonoid it belongs to the group of flavan-3-ols (or simply flavanols (phenols). Phenolic compounds are known as antioxidants. In this study, we explain simmondsin’s antioxidant mechanism and investigate it to determine if it can be used as an anticancer therapeutic agent or not. Our results show that simmondsin is a very strong antioxidant that prefers hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism and can be benefited as an anticancer therapeutic agent. Hence, it can be used in cancer drugs to decrease the harmful effects of cancer cure. Page(s): 530-538