NOPR Collection:

Nullor Based New Implementation of CDBA Using Current Feedback Operational Amplifier

Mon, 01 Mar 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Nullor Based New Implementation of CDBA Using Current Feedback Operational Amplifier Authors: Aggarwal, Bhawna; Bisht, Shubaangi; Gupta, Shreya; Goel, Vidushi; Gautam, Shweta Abstract: In this paper, a methodology based on nullors and passive elements to create equivalent circuits for existing building blocks has been presented. This methodology has been used for generating the equivalent nullor circuit for Current Differencing Buffered Amplifier (CDBA) and its implementation through AD844 ICs of Current Feedback Operational Amplifier (CFOA) has been presented. The proposed circuit is further modified by replacing the equivalent nullor sections with smaller blocks. The implemented CDBA (proposed CDBA-I) has been simulated and compared with existing topologies of CDBA to represent its proper functioning using LTSPICE. The proposed CDBA configuration offers a symmetric structure for its 2 differential inputs and offers higher bandwidth. Moreover, the configuration has been modified further to achieve low noise output terminal by the use of another CFOA (proposed CDBA-II). Both of these proposed configurations have been simulated and verified experimentally. Page(s): 163-167

Simulative Comprehensive Analysis of 2D Algebraically Constructed Codes for Optical CDMA

Mon, 01 Mar 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Simulative Comprehensive Analysis of 2D Algebraically Constructed Codes for Optical CDMA Authors: Bharti, Manisha Abstract: In this manuscript, comprehensive analysis of distinct optical codes belonging to family of algebraically constructed codes has been demonstrated. Many optical codes belonging to algebraically constructed family such as Extended Reed-solomon codes (E-RS), Multi-level prime codes (MPC), Extended-multi level prime codes (E-MPC), and Variable-weight quadratic congruence codes (VWQCC), Bipolar/Unipolar codes are taken into consideration. The performance characteristics of these codes are examined through Hard-error limiting probability (HEP) equations. Investigations revealed that Bipolar/Unipolar code is the one algebraically developed code that has outperformed all the codes considered here even in the presence of Multi-user interference effect. It has been observed that this optical 2D Bipolar/Unipolar code shows minimum BER value with increasing user count. Hence Bipolar/Unipolar code is robust to multiple user interference affected OCDMA systems. Page(s): 168-173

Theoretical Analysis of Plasma Parameters on Film Deposition in planer and Cylindrical Magnetron Sputtering

Mon, 01 Mar 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Theoretical Analysis of Plasma Parameters on Film Deposition in planer and Cylindrical Magnetron Sputtering Authors: Gupta, Gaurav; Tyagi, R K Abstract: Thin film deposition using plasma sputter is done by experimental methods, though Numerical simulation and theory are capable of generating realistic and useful results. In present exploration a theoretical model for sputtering with consequence of different plasma parameters with the help of electromagnetic lenses for planar (T_p) and cylindrical (T_c) magnetron sputteringhas been conversed. The plasma of helium gas on nickel metal objectwhich contains the velocity shear instability is considered, and T_p,T_c, under the influence of shear scale length(A_i), homogeneous DC electric field(E₀), magnetic field (B₀), density gradient (ɛ_nρ_i) have been evaluated. T_p, and T_care found to be maximum in the range of 0.815–0.91, and 0.57–0.90, respectively. Also growth rate showed direct relation to E₀ and A_i but inversely varies with B₀and ɛ_nρ_i. Page(s): 174-179

Transforming Imagined Thoughts into Speech Using a Covariance-Based Subset Selection Method

Mon, 01 Mar 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Transforming Imagined Thoughts into Speech Using a Covariance-Based Subset Selection Method Authors: Agarwal, Prabhakar; Kumar, Sandeep Abstract: With the advancement of engineering solutions in the medical domain, the patient’s life can become comfortable. This work recognizes the silent speech of three words. The decoding of silent speech can be useful for patients who are in a locked-in syndrome state. Moreover, it is also applicable to entertainment, cognitive biometrics, and brain-computer interfacing. Brain waves of these imagined words in the delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma, and high gamma frequency bands are analysed. Covariance based connectivity features are extracted in each frequency band. The principal features which represent more than 95% of the variance are selected as a subset of the covariance connectivity matrix. This sub-set is tested on five classifiers. The maximum accuracy achieved is 76.4% in the theta band. Also, theta and high gamma band contain maximum information about imagined speech with average accuracies of 68.32% and 62.09% respectively. Page(s): 180-183