http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58799 <b>[Pages 1-74]</b> Sat, 10 Oct 2026 23:05:11 GMT 2026-10-10T23:05:11Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58807 Title: Prevention and amelioration of erythrocyte instability observed under deficiency of vitamin B12 alone or combined with micronutrient limitation through dietary supplementation with Chlorella and Spirulina Authors: Neenu, Ravikumar; Madhubalaji, Chegukrishnamurthi; Rashmi, Venkatasubbaiah; Chauhan, Vikas Singh; Dharmesh, Shylaja M; Sarada, Ravi Abstract: Micronutrient rich microalgae, Chlorella and Spirulina, could be natural food supplements to overcome the micronutrient deficiency, increasingly recognised as a global health issue. In two independent experiments, the Spirulina and Chlorella were evaluated as prophylactic and ameliorative dietary supplements of vitamin B12. Erythrocyte stability (relative osmotic fragility and haemolysis percentage), haematological parameters, micronutrient deficiency (serum levels of iron, zinc), plasma vitamin B12 and vitamin B12 biomarker (methylmalonic acid) were analysed. The deficient groups receiving Spirulina and Chlorella as prophylactic dietary supplements showed a 1.34 to 1.41 folds increase in serum iron and a 2.13 to 2.19 folds increase in plasma vitamin B12, compared to B12 deficient group. Supplementation of Spirulina to ameliorate vitamin B12 deficiency combined with micronutrient limitation showed an increase of 1.14 folds and 1.2 folds in serum iron and zinc respectively and 1.51 folds in plasma vitamin B12 compared to the deficient group. The relative osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in deficient experimental animals was 17 to 45% higher compared to the control. The osmotic fragility and deformation in the morphology of erythrocytes observed under vitamin B12 deficiency, alone or in combination with micronutrient limitation, were prevented and ameliorated on dietary supplementation with the microalgal biomass. Page(s): 7-16 Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58807 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58806 Title: Polyherbal decoction modulates redox homeostasis during Malachite green induced metabolic stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Authors: Biradar, Shivtej P.; Khandare, Rahul V.; Govindwar, Sanjay P.; Pawar, Pankaj K. Abstract: Malachite green (MG) is aquatic pollutant that induces oxidative stress when comes in contact with the living organisms. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, MG produces intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and these ROS disturb redox homeostasis and cellular functions leading to early cell death. Exogenous supply of natural antioxidants containing polyherbal decoction may play a crucial role in re-establishment of redox homeostasis by ensuring the cell survival. Exposure of MG to Saccharomyces cerevisiae resulted in a significant decrease (97.8%) in colony forming units (CFU). An Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation ‘Vayasthapana Rasayana’ (VR) which contains natural antioxidants from plants viz. Terminalia chebula, Clitoria ternatea, Boerhaavia diffusa, Centella asiatica, Phyllanthus emblica, Asparagus racemossus and Tinospora cordifolia at 1.0 mg/mL concentration could arrest the oxidative stress during MG exposure. Levels of ROS elevated up to 67.3% on MG exposure; while VR supplementation reduced it by 54.7%. MG induced cellular apoptosis in 38% and necrosis in 27% cells, while VR augmentation reduced it to 8%. Activities of antioxidant enzymes like catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in MG exposed cells were induced by 408, 144 and 140%, respectively, whereas, VR supplementation lowered the expressions to 102, 57 and 111%, respectively. Induction in caspases 3/7 activity was also found to be reduced by 65.39% after VR augmentation. Similarly, VR modulated activities of oxido-reductases like lignin peroxidase, laccase, NADH-DCIP reductase and MG reductase. VR supplementation also maintained the MG utilization potential of S. cerevisiae up to 20th exposure cycle which was otherwise arrested to 8th cycle. The treatment also decreased the ROS accumulation and nuclear damage, restoring the cell viability up to 94% and retained normal growth dynamics. Thus, VR supplementation could significantly decrease oxidative stress, enhance cell viability and ultimately protect the dying S. cerevisiae cells during MG exposure. Page(s): 17-26 Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58806 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58805 Title: Effect of myricetin on cognitive impairments in the transgenic Drosophila model of Parkinson’s Disease Authors: Ara, Gulshan; Afzal, Mohammad; Naz, Falaq; I, Mantasha; Shahid, M.; Siddique, Yasir Hasan Abstract: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder involving the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Despite the availability of many drugs to ease the life of PD patients, there is no permanent cure until now. Now-a-days, there has been a considerable attention towards the use of herbal products to treat PD patients worldwide due to less side effects. In this context, here we investigated myricetin, a common plant derived flavonoid, on the cognitive impairments exhibited by the transgenic Drosophila expressing human -synuclein in the neurons. The PD flies were allowed to feed on the diet having 10, 20 and 40 μM of myricetin for 24 days and then assayed for cognitive impairments. The exposure of myricetin showed a dose dependent significant delay in the cognitive impairments. Molecular docking studies showed the positive interaction between myricetin and -synuclein. The results suggest a protective effect of myricetin against the cognitive impairments. Page(s): 27-33 Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58805 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58804 Title: Mechanistic study of endothelium independent vasodilation effects of wogonin Authors: Wu, Qi; Zhao, Wanlong; Chen, Gangling; Yao, Anran; Yang, Cheng; Zhao, Yue; Zhang, Jiangwei Abstract: Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, locally known as HuangQin, and commonly as Baikal or Chinese skullcap, is an important herb in Chinese traditional medicine. The flavonoids from this plant are main active substances responsible for its medicinal applications. Wogonin is one such active ingredient derived from this plant. Here, we investigated the mechanism of the vasodilation effect of wogonin on isolated rat thoracic aortas. For this study, endothelium intact and endothelium removed thoracic aortic rings were prepared from rats. Using a tension transducer, the tension of the rat thoracic aortic rings was recorded. Results showed that wogonin is able to relax the endothelium-intact aortic rings, but L-NAME, indomethacin (Indo), and methylene blue (MB) could not reduce the tension in these rings. Wogonin was also able to relax endotheliumremoved rings. However, treatment with tetraethylammonium (TEA), BaCl2, glibenclamide (Gly), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), and verapamil (Ver) had no effect on vasodilation induced by wogonin. Using wogonin to pre-treat endothelium-removed aortic rings reduced the contraction induced by K+. Pre-treatment of endothelium-removed aortic rings with wogonin markedly reduced the contraction induced by 10-6 M PE in Ca2+-free solution. It could be concluded that L-type calcium channels and intracellular Ca2+ release is inhibited by wogonin. Page(s): 34-40 Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/58804 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z