http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/62125 Sat, 10 Oct 2026 02:12:18 GMT 2026-10-10T02:12:18Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/62144 Title: Industrial Designs and Folklore: A Comparative Study in Indian perspective Authors: Swarup, Sameer Kumar; Rastogi, Sachin Abstract: The Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCEs), Folklore, as part of a nation's cultural legacy, is seen as a vital component of its identity. Traditional Cultural Expressions, the Folklore, may be described as knowledge that has been produced over the time, perpetuated, and passed down from generation to generation within a community, and which has become a part of that group's identity. Both emerging and developed nations recognise the value of TCEs and Folklores. However, the rights of those who preserve these cultural expressions/ folklores are not adequately safeguarded. The present paper compares the protection of Folklore in India to those of other major countries. With reference to folklore, the paper also analyses probable IPR overlaps in the context of industrial designs, copyrights, trademarks and other IPRs. The strategies and means of protecting folklore in the present IPR regime in India and other major countries are also discussed in this paper. Page(s): 273-283 Thu, 01 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/62144 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/62142 Title: The Crossroad between Intellectual Property and Clinical Trials: Balancing Incentives for Innovation with Access to Healthcare Authors: Nidhi, Aditi Abstract: Intellectual property (IP) is essential for encouraging innovation in the pharmaceutical business, particularly in clinical trials. However, IP can also limit access to healthcare by making drugs and treatments unaffordable for certain populations. The pharmaceutical industry relies heavily on intellectual property protections to incentivize innovation and support the development of new drugs. Moreover, clinical trials play an indispensable part in the medication development process, providing the evidence needed to support regulatory approval and marketing. The intersection of intellectual property and clinical trials raises important legal and ethical issues that need to be carefully considered. This article analyses the significance of intellectual property in the process of drug innovation, its impact on clinical trials, and the ways in which intellectual property might affect the accessibility and price of new treatments. This paper also explores the balance between incentivizing innovation through IP and ensuring access to healthcare, notably within the setting of clinical trials. It examines the history of intellectual property laws in the pharmaceutical industry, how patents and exclusivity encourage innovation, and how these incentives affect healthcare access. The paper also discusses alternative models for incentivizing innovation, such as open-source drug development and prize-based systems. The article concludes that while intellectual property is vital to encourage innovation in the pharmaceutical business, it must be balanced with efforts to assure universal access to healthcare. We argue that policymakers and industry stakeholders must work together to develop policies and practices that promote innovation while ensuring that new drugs are accessible and affordable to all. Page(s): 284-292 Thu, 01 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/62142 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/62141 Title: A Paradigm Shift in Indian and International Patent Regime- Critical Review on Ex- and Current Scenario (Covid-19 Impact) Authors: Sahitya, Kadiyala Venkata; Kumar, K I Pavan Abstract: The innovation markers are namely patents which give the creation the identity, novelty and utilization in industry or for commercial use in public. There were many patents filed under different judicatory laws of different countries which give the sole right and responsibility to own the invention till the expiry of patent by the owner (Patentee). The rules and regulations also enable the patentee to take necessary action against the misuse or prior use and also copying of invention. There are circumstances like national emergency like the Covid -19 pandemic which could create the urgency to make public access for the medicines under the clinical trial or the generic form before the expiry of the patent in order to increase the health care needs. The national emergency globally has awaken to recreate or amend few judiciary laws of different countries like waiver of patents, compulsory licenses and also paying a remuneration amount to the patentee. The countries like U.S, India, China, Japan have played a key role in managing the pandemic by encouraging generic medicine manufacturing and licensing. The COVID-19 crisis affects not only Patent Law. However, COVID-19 clearly presents an imminent threat to public health which, in most jurisdictions, is likely to justify the grant of compulsory licenses and more changes in the few penal codes and articles under specific provisions made by the government. There was also huge impact on the patent filings by different countries which enumerated the increase of 16 % by China and also a significant contribution by the countries like U.S, India, Europe, Japan, Italy, etc. The Data exclusivity was reported including the women investors share which is considerably high. The pandemic has shaped new reforms in digitalization aspects and kept open many avenues in the medical and technology sectors in the years to come. Page(s): 293-303 Thu, 01 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/62141 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/62140 Title: Status of Geographical Indications in the Northeast Region of India Authors: Pangging, G; Sharma, M; Sharma, C L; Rai, N; Gogoi, J Abstract: Geographical Indications (GI) is considered as a tool for providing legal protection to goods originated or manufactured from particular geographical location during trade. Till now, Northeast region of India had 35 goods registered under GI which accounted only 7.9% of total number of goods registered under GI in India. The GI registration in Northeast region of India has been started since 2007 and the highest number of registrations was found in 2014 (35.48 %) and lowest in 2007, 2016, 2017 and 2018 (3.23 %). Assam had the highest number of GI goods i.e., 10 goods that accounted for 28 %, followed by Mizoram (20 %), Manipur (20 %), Nagaland (11 %) and the other states (21 %). Most of the GI registrations were done for Class 25 (clothing-traditional attire) that accounted for 38.71%, followed by Class 31 (32.26 %), Class 30 (29.03 %) etc. However, only 25.7 % of goods registered in Part B of GI were Assam (orthodox), Bokachaul, Chak Hao, Idu Mishmi textile, Joha rice, Muga silk, Mizo chilli, Naga Mirchi and Sikkim large cardamom. This region has high potential to register many goods under GI because of high cultural diversity, diverse ethnicity, rich biodiversity and indigenous knowledge system. Page(s): 304-311 Thu, 01 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/62140 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z