Effect of ethanolic extract of <i>Phyla nodiflora</i> (Linn.) Greene against calculi producing diet induced urolithiasis

Abstract

Urolithiasis in its different forms is a frequently encountered urological disorder. For many years it has been at the forefront of urology. In the present study ethanolic extract of whole plant of <i style="">Phyla nodiflora </i>(Linn.) Greene<i style=""> </i>was studied for its antiurolithiatic activity against most common type of renal stones i.e. calcium oxalate type. Calcium oxalate urolithiasis was induced by administration of Gentamycin and calculi producing diet (5% ammonium oxalate in standard rat pellet feed). The extract was also assessed for effect on <i>in vivo</i> antioxidant parameters like lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, catalase in hyperoxaluric kidney and <i>in vitro</i> scavenging of nitric oxide and 2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radicals. Ethanolic extract of <i style="">P. nodiflora</i> exhibited significant effect in preventing calcium oxalate stone formation and also in dissolving the pre-formed calcium oxalate stones in the kidney along with significant effect on both <i style="">in vitro </i>and <i style="">in vivo </i>antioxidant parameters. The present study clearly demonstrates the antiurolithiatic activity of <i style="">P. nodiflora </i>supporting the traditional claim.