Electrochemical reactions and phase transitions investigated by <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">in situ</i> scanning tunneling microscopy

Abstract

The reaction and adsorption of organic molecules at electrode-electrolyte interfaces have been intensively studied to understand the fundamental processes at the electrochemical interface. Electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (ECSTM) has been recognized as a powerful tool to investigate potential-induced structural transition and reaction at the solid/liquid interface with atomic and molecular resolution. This review article presents some recent progress in ECSTM application for exploring potential-dependent chemical reactions and phase transitions. Details of the molecular adsorption structure and structural transition controlled by electrode potential are revealed by high resolution STM images. The ability to control the adlayer structure is important for modulating the structure and function of the electrode surfaces.